均匀化处理温度对6082铝合金组织和性能的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2012年第3期

论文作者:黄继武 孙瑜 赵毅 颜丝 黄志其

文章页码:911 - 917

关键词:6082铝合金;温度;显微组织;球化;弥散相

Key words:6082 aluminum alloy; temperature; microstructures; spheroidization; dispersoid

摘    要:

采用硬度、电导率测试、金相显微镜、X线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜和能谱分析技术,研究均匀化温度对合金组织和性能的影响。研究结果表明:铸态合金由α-Al固溶体和非平衡共晶相组成;490~510 ℃均匀化,Mg2Si相从过饱和固溶体中析出,在510 ℃以上均匀化,随着温度的升高,Mg2Si又逐步回溶到基体中,560 ℃均匀化,Mg2Si相和过剩单质Si完全溶解;随着均匀化温度的升高,非平衡析出物鱼骨状共晶形态逐渐消失,针状β-AlMnFeSi溶解、断裂,转变为具有更高(Mn+Fe)/Si比值颗粒状α-Al(MnFe)Si相,析出相在高温均匀化过程中聚集、球化;560 ℃均匀化,析出物的连续网状结构转变成链状结构,析出物演化为等轴粒状α-Al(MnFe)Si相。均匀化过程中合金中析出弥散α-Al(MnFe)Si相;在490~560 ℃保温6 h均匀化处理,温度升高,合金的硬度和电导率分别升高和降低。

Abstract:

The effect of homogenization treatment temperature on microstructure and properties of 6082 aluminum alloys were investigated by using hardness and electrical conductivity measurement, optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the as-cast alloy consists of supersaturated solid solution and unequilibrium eutectic phases. Supersaturated solid solution changes into equilibrium Mg2Si phase at 490?510 ℃; equilibrium phases are dissolved into matrix when the homogenization temperature is higher than 510 ℃; Mg2Si phase and Si phase dissolved into matrix completely at 560 ℃. With the increase of annealing temperature, the eutectic morphology of precipitates disappears gradually, acicular β-AlMnFeSi phase transforms to spherical α-Al(MnFe)Si phase and the ratio of n(Mn+Fe)/n(Si) in AlMnFeSi phase increases. The precipitates is changed into spherical α-Al(MnFe)Si phase after annealing at 560 ℃ for 6 h. During homogenization, dispersive α-Al(MnFe)Si particles deposit in the alloy. The hardness increases and conductivity decreases with the increase of annealing temperature.

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