微波加热强化闪蒸的蒸发特性

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第6期

论文作者:巨少华 田时泓 郭磊 张晖

文章页码:1730 - 1738

关键词:闪蒸;微波加热;蒸发效率;传热传质

Key words:flash evaporation; microwave heating; evaporation rate; heat and mass transfer

摘    要:针对传统蒸发过程换热效率低下的问题,基于传统工艺流程设计微波闪蒸系统,在传统闪蒸罐体上设置微波馈口将微波能实时输入到闪蒸罐体内。为了验证微波闪蒸系统的蒸发处理能力,采用水作为介质研究系统在微波加热强化方式下的闪蒸效果。控制系统的真空度为70~78 kPa,分别研究微波功率(0.81~1.35 kW)、液体流量(10~40 L/h)和初始温度(50~90 ℃)对蒸发效果及闪蒸率的影响,并与不输入微波条件下的传统闪蒸效果进行比较。研究结果表明:在实验参数范围内,微波闪蒸产生的冷凝液体积以及随微波功率、液体流量、初始温度的增加而增加。当液体流量为40 L/h、微波功率为1.35 kW、初始温度为90 ℃时,相较于传统闪蒸,微波加热强化条件下闪蒸蒸汽温度从36.69 ℃升高至45.13 ℃,浓缩液温度从36.70 ℃升高至45.33 ℃,且强化蒸发效率达到42.86%。微波加热强化条件下的系统冷凝液体积比常规工况下的多,说明微波加热强化了闪蒸过程并有效提高了闪蒸率。

Abstract: Due to the low heat exchange efficiency of traditional evaporation process, a microwave flash system was designed based on the traditional flash evaporation process. A microwave feed port was set on the traditional flash tank to input the microwave energy into the flash tank in real time. In order to verify the evaporation processing capability of the microwave flash system, the flashing effect under microwave heating conditions was studied on the system using water as the medium. Under the condition of system vacuum of 78 kPa, the effects of microwave power (0.81-1.35 kW), liquid flowrate (10-40 L/h) and initial temperature (40-50 °C) on evaporation and flash evaporation rate was studied and compared to the traditional flash evaporation effect without microwave input. The results show that within the experimental parameters, the volume of condensate generated by microwave flash evaporation increase with the increase of microwave power, liquid flow rate and initial temperature. When the liquid flow rate is 40 L/h, the microwave power is 1.35 kW, and the initial temperature is 90 ℃, the temperature of flash steam increases from 36.69 ℃ to 45.13 ℃, the temperature of concentrate increases from 36.70 °C to 45.33 °C, and the enhanced evaporation efficiency reaches 42.86% under microwave heating strengthening conditions compared with the traditional flash evaporation. The volume of condensation water of microwave heating strengthening conditions is larger than that of the traditional flash evaporation, which indicates that microwave heating strengthens flash process and effectively improves flash evaporation rate.

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