铝土矿浮选柱选矿脱硅试验研究

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)2010年第3期

论文作者：周长春 刘炯天 黄根 闫波 任新春

文章页码：845 - 851

关键词：铝土矿；浮选柱；短流程；浮选

Key words：bauxite; flotation column; short flowsheet; flotation

摘    要：利用2台直径为0.4 m，长度为4 m旋流-静态微泡浮选柱，采用一粗一精工艺，对中低铝硅比铝土矿进行脱硅试验，考察捕收剂用量、循环泵压力和处理量等因素对浮选效果的影响。结果表明：增加捕收剂用量有利于提高Al₂O₃回收率，当捕收剂用量为1.3 kg/t时，精矿w(Al)/w(Si)为10.08，氧化铝回收率为84.36%；随循环泵压力增加，氧化铝回收率提高，泡沫铝硅比下降；当粗选循环泵压力为0.25 MPa时，粗选作业段氧化铝回收率为90.11%，粗选泡沫w(Al)/w(Si)为7.26；当精选循环泵压力0.22 MPa时，精矿w(Al)/w(Si)为10.03，精选作业段氧化铝回收率92.31%；随处理量的增加，精矿w(Al)/w(Si)、氧化铝回收率降低；当处理量为4.00 t/(m²·h)时，精矿w(Al)/w(Si)为10.27，氧化铝回收率81.55%；72 h稳定试验, 浮选柱一粗一精两段分选作业，精矿w(Al)/w(Si)为为10.85，尾矿w(Al)/w(Si)为1.43，氧化铝回收率为80.43%，与浮选机相比精矿品位基本持平，回收率提高3.43%。铝土矿柱式浮选流程短，“一粗一精”两段工艺可以代替浮选机“一粗一扫两精一精扫”五段工艺。

Abstract: Desilication test of bauxite with medium-low alumina-silica ratio(w(Al)/w(Si)) was carried out in the process of single-stage roughing and single-stage cleaning by using two Φ0.4 m×4 m cyclonic-static micro-bubble flotation columns. The influences of collector dosage, circulation pump pressure and throughput on flotation were investigated. The results show that the increase of collector dosage is beneficial to improve the recovery of Al₂O₃, and the w(Al)/w(Si) of concentrate reaches 10.08 with the recovery of 84.36% when collector dosage is 1.3 kg/t. The recovery of Al₂O₃ increase and the w(Al)/w(Si) of foam decreases with the increase of circulation pump pressure, the w(Al)/w(Si) of roughing foam reaches 7.26 with the roughing recovery of 90.11% when roughing circulation pump pressure is 0.25 MPa. The w(Al)/w(Si) of concentrate reaches 10.03 with the cleaning recovery of 92.31% when cleaning circulation pump pressure is 0.22 MPa. Both the w(Al)/w(Si) of concentrate and the recovery of Al₂O₃ decreases with the increase of throughput, the w(Al)/w(Si) of concentrate reach 10.27 with the recovery of 81.55% when throughput is 4.00 t/(m²·h). 72 h stability test shows that the w(Al)/w(Si) of concentrate reach 10.85 and the w(Al)/w(Si) of tailings is 1.43 with the recovery of 80.43% in the flotation column process of single-stage roughing and single-stage cleaning. Compared with flotation machine, the recovery is increased by 3.43% with the same concentrate grade. Bauxite flotation flowsheet by using flotation column is shorter than that by using flotation machine, the column type flotation flowsheet of single-stage roughing and single-stage cleaning can replace the flotation machine flotation flowsheet of single-stage roughing, single-stage scavenging, two-stage cleaning and single-stage scavenging for concentrate.

基金信息：“十一五”国家科技支撑项目
中国矿业大学科技基金资助项目