基于不等间隔接收机钟差组合预报模型的辅助定位方法

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第2期

论文作者:占建伟 吴鹏 龚航 彭竞 欧钢

文章页码:457 - 464

关键词:卫星导航;接收机钟差;钟差辅助; 组合模型;不等间隔

Key words:satellite navigation; receiver clock bias; clock-aided; combination model; unequal interval

摘    要:在典型城市或室内应用等情况下,卫星导航信号由于被频繁遮挡变而变得微弱甚至不可用,使得传统的定位模式难以满足连续定位的要求。针对此问题,分析接收机钟差辅助定位的可行性,建立原点插值条件下使残差平方和最小的多项式钟差预报模型和改进的非等间距灰色系统钟差预报模型,并提出一种基于不等间隔接收机钟差解算值序列的动态加权组合预测模型及相应的钟差辅助定位算法。该模型通过权值的合理选取可实现单一模型的最优组合,具有更高的预测精度和稳健性。实测结果表明:该组合模型对钟差解算值序列的预测是可行和有效的; 对于50 s内的短时钟差辅助定位,定位误差与连续正常定位接近,仅降低2.76%,可有效提高可见卫星不足4颗时的定位连续性。

Abstract: In the typical urban or indoor environment, the satellite navigation signals are degraded because of obstruction to receiver-to-satellite line of sights, making in conventional four-satellite positioning method is very hard to satisfy the requirement of continuous positioning. To solve the problem, the feasibility of the clock-aided positioning method was analyzed, and then an improved polynomial model based on the generalized extended interpolation method and an improved grey model were established. Finally, a combination prediction model and the corresponding assisted positioning algorithm were proposed, based on unequal interval receiver clock bias (RCB) data. The model can provide an optimal combination by solving the weighting factor so as to obtain a higher prediction accuracy and improve robustness. The experimental results based on BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) observation data show that the RCB prediction is feasible and effective. Moreover, for 50 s RCB prediction in the urban environment, the three-dimensional (3D) position error using the clock-aided position algorithm is about 2.76% larger than four-satellite 3D position error, and the availability of positioning can be efficiently improved.

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