聚碳硅烷的高温陶瓷化机理

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第1期

论文作者:曹柳絮 陈建勋 刘春轩 薛亮 黄启忠

文章页码:52 - 58

关键词:C/SiC复合材料;先驱体浸渍裂解法(PIP);聚碳硅烷(PCS);裂解

Key words:C/SiC composites; PIP; PCS; decomposition

摘    要:通过TG-DTA,IR,XRD和SEM等测试方法分析研究聚碳硅烷(PCS)的热分解过程及在真空高温条件下物相成分及晶形的变化过程。研究结果表明:聚碳硅烷质量损失主要发生在300~700 ℃之间,300~450 ℃主要发生小分子聚合物以及裂解产生的分子碎片的挥发;450~650 ℃之间,Si—H和C—H键发生断裂,生成氢气、烷烃等气体;650~900 ℃,PCS发生有机无机转变,裂解产物开始具有无机特征;900~1200 ℃,裂解产物基本不再具有有机特征,PCS完全转化为无定型SiC;1 200 ℃以后,SiC结晶形成β-SiC和α-SiC,温度升高结晶度增加且伴随晶粒的长大,2 000 ℃时有SiC的升华现象,且2 000 ℃的XRD可以证明C在PCS的陶瓷化过程中有一定富余。

Abstract: The residual of polycarbosilane (PCS) treated at different temperatures in vacuum were analyzed to study the ceramization of PCS by using Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, simultaneous thermo-gravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the mass loss of PCS takes place between 300-700 ℃. In the range of 300-450 ℃, small organic molecules and molecular fragments which from cracked PCS are volatilized. In the range of 450-650 ℃, the hydrogen and the alkanes are yielded due to Si—H and C—H bonds broke. In the range of 650-900 ℃, the organic PCS transforms into an inorganic state, and the cracked residue shows the inorganic characteristics. In the range of 900-1 200 ℃, the cracked residue of PCS has been transformed into an amorphous SiC state completely and shows no inorganic characteristics. After 1 200 ℃, the amorphous SiC is crystallized and forms β-SiC and α-SiC crystal. The crystal degree increases with the increase of the temperature. At the same time, the crystal particle grows bigger. At 2 000 ℃,the sublimation of SiC appears, and the existence of the free carbon is detected by the XRD.

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