闸片摩擦块形状对制动盘温度及摩擦性能的影响

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2018年第7期

论文作者:杨俊英 高飞 孙野 韩晓明

文章页码:1351 - 1361

关键词:制动;摩擦因数;温度场;摩擦副

Key words:braking; friction coefficient; temperature field; friction pair

摘    要:摩擦副形式是影响摩擦制动性能的重要因素之一。针对等面积的圆形、三角形和六边形摩擦块与制动盘构成的3种摩擦副,通过缩比惯性制动试验台,测试制动压力为0.5~1.1 MPa,制动速度50~250 km/h条件下,摩擦块形状对摩擦因数和制动盘表面温度场的影响。结果表明:闸片摩擦块的几何形状对摩擦因数的影响程度与制动工况有关,在较低的制动速度条件下,摩擦因数对摩擦块形状的变化较为敏感,三角形摩擦副由于处于低温区的面积比例高而使其摩擦因数高于另两种摩擦副的。3种摩擦副的温度演化规律与摩擦区实际接触弧的分布有关。在制动初期,受到制动盘摩擦历史的影响,盘面的不均匀磨损使实际接触弧位于摩擦区两侧,导致两侧率先形成狭窄的环带状高温区,随着制动过程的进行,实际接触弧分布与理论接触弧分布一致,两窄带状高温区向摩擦区域中部移动并合并成一个环形高温区,摩擦块形状及位置造成热流输入的差别对温度分布影响不明显。

Abstract: The pattern of a friction pair is one of the important factors that affect the friction braking performance. For three different kinds of friction pairs formed with round, triangle and hexagon pad, the braking experiments were conducted on an inertia test bench under the conditions of 0.5-1.1 MPa braking pressure and 50-250 km/h initial speeds. The effects of friction pair on the friction coefficient and disc surface temperature were investigated. The results show that the effect of the brake pad geometry on the friction coefficient is related to the braking conditions. At lower braking speed, the friction coefficient is sensitive to the pad geometry. The friction coefficient of the triangle friction pair is higher than that of the other two friction pairs due to the higher proportion of the area in the lower temperature region. The temperature evolution of three kinds of friction pairs is related to the distribution of the actual contact arc in the friction region. In the initial stage of braking, due to the influence of the friction history of the brake disk, the uneven wear of the disk causes the actual contact arc on both sides of the friction region. The narrow band high temperature areas have firstly formed on both sides. With the braking process, the actual contact arc distribution is consistent with the theoretical contact arc distribution. The narrow band high temperature areas move towards the middle of friction area, and merge into an annular high temperature area. The shape and position of the pad lead to the difference of heat flow input, which has no obvious influence on the temperature distribution.

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