难选高硅型氧化锌矿机械活化碱法浸出研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2010年第4期

论文作者:赵中伟 龙双 陈爱良 霍广生 贾希俊 李洪桂 阎海泉

文章页码:1246 - 1250

关键词:拜耳法;浸出;机械活化;浸出率

Key words:Bayer process; leaching; mechanical activation; leaching rate

摘    要:针对氧化锌矿综合利用工艺的现状和不足,将处理氧化铝矿物的拜耳法移植于氧化锌矿的湿法处理过程而形成“锌拜耳法”,提出氧化锌矿机械活化碱法浸出的新工艺。实验结果表明:当NaOH的用量为理论用量的3.5倍,温度为140 ℃,浸出时间2 h,液固比为10:1(mL/g)时,锌的浸出率达到95.1%,硅的浸出率为45.5%。氧化锌矿在高温、长时间和强机械活化作用下生成难溶产物Na2ZnSiO4是导致锌浸出率降低的主要原因。

Abstract: The present state and shortages comprehensive utilization of zinc oxide ores were described in this paper, and the Bayer process used to treat bauxite was transplanted to treat zinc oxide ores. So, this process can be regarded as “zinc Bayer process”. And a new method for alkaline leaching of refractory hemimorphite by mechanical activation was put forward. Optimized leaching parameters are obtained through experiments, as follows: the sodium hydroxide dosage = 3.5 times as much as the theoretical quantity, the leaching time = 2 h, temperature = 140 ℃ and ratio of leaching liquid to leaching solid (L/S) =10:1. Under these conditions, the leaching rate of zinc and silicon can reach 95.1% and 45.5%. Overlong leaching time and intense mechanical activation will deteriorate the zinc leachability and thus accelerate the Na2ZnSiO4 formation.

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