脉冲GTAW熔池行为和焊缝成形的三维数值模拟

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2013年第11期

论文作者:高如超 饶政华 李芸霄 廖胜明

文章页码:4712 - 4720

关键词:GTAW;脉冲电流;熔池;焊缝;数值模拟

Key words:gas tungsten arc welding; pulsed current; weld pool; weld bead; numerical simulation

摘    要:建立脉冲电流下钨极气体保护电弧焊(GTAW)的三维非稳态数值模型,研究焊接过程中的熔池输运现象及其对焊缝成形的影响。模拟不同条件下熔池内瞬态温度和速度分布、熔池形态变化以及焊缝形状。研究研究表明:电流方式对GTAW焊接的熔池行为和焊缝形状有重要的影响;在脉冲电流下,电流强度的波动造成熔池周期性的振荡和凝固速率的变化,从而在焊缝表面产生焊波;在连续电流下,熔池的形态变化和凝固是连续的过程,不会产生焊波;脉冲电流频率增加,导致沿焊接方向上的凝固速率减小,焊波的间距和高度减小。

Abstract: The complex transport phenomena and their effect on weld pool dynamics and the formation of weld bead in moving gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) under the pulsed current were studied by using a 3D transient numerical model. The transient distributions of the temperature and melt flow velocity in the weld pool, weld pool dynamics, and solidified weld bead were simulated. The results show that the current pattern has significant effects on the weld pool dynamics and weld bead shape in GTAW. The surface ripples are formed under pulsed current by the interplay between the up-and-down weld pool dynamics, caused mainly by the periodically varied current and the weld pool solidification rate. Under continuous current, weld ripple is not observed due to the continuous weld pool dynamics and solidification. The larger pulsed current frequency tends to decrease the solidification rate and thus the pitch and height of the ripples are reduced.

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