分层蓄热型热泵热水器系统设计与性能分析

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2021年第6期

论文作者:李舒宏 胡明月 杜明浩 刘恒 秦露雯 许成城

文章页码:1953 - 1963

关键词:热泵热水器;分层蓄热;用能模式;保温模式;全年运行工况

Key words:heat pump water heater; stratified thermal storage; energy consumption mode; heat preservation mode; annual operating condition

摘    要:为降低热泵热水器的保温能耗,提出一种新型分层蓄热型热泵热水器系统。首先,水箱分为上下双层,设置双压缩机及冷凝盘管并联运行,分别加热上层和下层水箱,获取双保温温度,通过降低下层水箱保温温度且调整系统结构,保证用能效果并降低热泵热水器保温能耗;其次,针对热泵热水器的用能模式、保温模式和全年运行工况分别建立用能耦合模型、保温热传递模型和系统运行综合模拟,搭建实验台验证其准确性;最后,选取南京地区为研究对象,分别模拟计算分层蓄热型和非分层蓄热型热泵热水器系统的用能、保温和全年运行性能。研究结果表明:热泵热水器采用分层蓄热技术后,当系统处于用能阶段时,水箱内热分层增大,平均出口水温与热能释放量保持不变,热能释放效率增长14.96%;当系统处于保温阶段时,全年保温能耗降低21.30%;当系统处于全年运行阶段时,系统的全年运行能耗降低13.44%;即采用分层蓄热技术可以满足用户实际使用需求且能达到节能效果。

Abstract: To reduce energy cost of heat pump water heater for heat preservation, a novel type of stratified thermal storage heat pump water heater system was proposed. Firstly, to obtain different heat preservation temperatures, double compressors and condenser coils were set to operate in parallel to heat the upper and lower water tanks which was divided into two layers. Energy efficiency was ensured and energy cost of heat preservation was reduced by reducing the temperature of the lower tank and adjusting the structure. Secondly, coupled model of energy consumption, heat transfer model of heat preservation and comprehensive model of system operation were established for energy consumption mode, heat preservation mode and annual operating conditions, respectively. An experiment table was set up to verify its accuracy. Thirdly, Nanjing zone was selected as the research object to simulate the energy consumption, heat preservation and annual operation performance of stratified thermal storage heat pump water heater system. The results show that, when the stratified thermal storage system is in the mode of energy consumption, the thermal stratification in the water tank enhances, the average outlet water temperature and the energy releasing remain the same, whereas the efficiency of energy release increases by 14.96%. When the stratified thermal storage system is in the mode of heat preservation, the annual heat preservation energy cost decreases by 21.30%. When the stratified thermal storage system is in the mode of annual operation, the annual operating energy cost of the system decreases by 13.44%. The application of stratified thermal storage technology can meet the practical needs of users and achieve energy saving effects.

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