盾构隧道开挖引起的邻近群桩竖向位移研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第8期

论文作者:徐长节 可文海 管凌霄 薛齐 耿大新

文章页码:2353 - 2361

关键词:盾构隧道;Winkler模型;叠加法;遮拦效应;竖向位移

Key words:shield tunnel; Winkler model; superposition method; blocking effect; vertical displacement

摘    要:采用两阶段方法简便地研究盾构隧道开挖引起的邻近群桩竖向位移。第1阶段,采用Loganathan公式计算盾构隧道开挖引起的桩基轴线处土体竖向位移。第2阶段,首先基于Winkler地基梁模型,将土体位移转化为荷载施加到桩基上;然后,结合叠加法,计算盾构隧道开挖引起的邻近单桩竖向位移;最后,考虑群桩间的土体遮拦效应,再结合叠加法求解出盾构隧道开挖引起的邻近群桩竖向位移。通过与有限元模拟结果进行对比,验证本文所提计算方法的准确性,并进一步分析各物理参量变化对群桩竖向位移的影响。研究结果表明:其余参数不变的情况下,隧道埋深和地层损失比增大均会增强盾构隧道开挖对邻近群桩的影响,导致邻近群桩的竖向位移增大;桩基直径增大导致其抵抗盾构隧道开挖影响的能力增加,进而引起邻近群桩的竖向位移略微减小;土体弹性模量增加导致邻近群桩顶端所受的向下荷载与底端所受的向上荷载均增加,进而引起邻近群桩的顶端竖向位移(最大位移)增大,底端竖向位移减小;桩基与隧道距离增加可减弱盾构隧道开挖对邻近桩基的影响,减小桩基竖向位移;群桩间距增大可引起桩基间的土体遮拦效应减弱,导致桩基的相对竖向位移增大。

Abstract: In order to study the vertical displacement of adjacent pile groups caused by shield tunnel excavation in a simple way, two-stage method was adopted. In the first stage, the vertical displacement of soil at the axis of pile foundation was calculated by Loganathan formula due to shield tunnel excavation. In the second stage, based on the Winkler foundation beam model, the load caused by soil displacement was applied to the pile foundation. Then the adjacent single pile vertical displacement was calculated by combining with the superposition method caused by shield tunnel excavation. Finally, the adjacent pile groups vertical displacement was solved by considering soil block effect in pile groups and combining with the superposition method again. By comparing with the finite element simulation results, the accuracy of the proposed method was verified, and the influence of the variation of physical parameters on the vertical displacement of pile groups was further analyzed. The results show that with the remaining parameters unchanged, the increase of tunnel burial depth and formation loss ratio will enhance the influence of shield tunnel excavation on the adjacent pile groups and lead to the increase of vertical displacement of the adjacent pile groups. The increase of the diameter of pile foundation makes it more resistant to the influence of shield tunnel excavation, and then causes the vertical displacement of adjacent pile groups to decrease slightly. The increase of soil elastic modulus leads to the increase of the downward load on the top of the adjacent pile group and the upward load on the bottom of the adjacent pile group, then result in the vertical displacement on the top of the adjacent pile group (maximum displacement) increase and the decrease of the vertical displacement on the bottom. The increase of distance between pile foundation and tunnel can reduce the influence of shield tunnel excavation on adjacent pile foundation and reduce the vertical displacement of pile foundation. The increase of pile spacing can weaken the blocking effect of soil and result in the relative vertical displacement of pile foundation increase.

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