Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金的疲劳特性

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2020年第7期

论文作者:孙德平 鞠恒 苑海超

文章页码:1620 - 1626

关键词:Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金;疲劳特性;γ→ε马氏体相变

Key words:Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy; fatigue properties; γ→ε martensite phase transformatio

摘    要:为分析Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金的疲劳特性,采用与该材料具有相同母相的304不锈钢作为对比材料,通过弯曲疲劳试验法测量两者在应变幅值为±3.5%时的疲劳断裂次数,并利用X射线衍射法(XRD)和场发射扫描电镜(SEM)分析试样相组成和断口形貌。结果表明:Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金和304不锈钢的弯曲疲劳断裂次数分别为1159次和63次,断口形貌依次为韧窝和撕裂棱。前者断裂时的物相基本为ε马氏体,而后者几乎全部由α′马氏体组成,表明应力诱发Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金发生γ→ε马氏体相变。相变过程中,应力集中程度和裂纹扩展速度降低是Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金疲劳强度提高的机理。

Abstract: In order to analyze the fatigue properties of Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy, the 304 stainless steel that had the same parent phase was chosen as contrast material. The fatigue cycles were measured by bending fatigue test under the ±3.5% strain amplitudes, and the phase compositions and fractures appearances of specimens were observed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental results show that the bending fatigue break cycles of Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy and 304 stain steel is 1159 and 63, respectively, their fracture appearances are dimples and tearing ridges in turn. When the specimens break, the former phase compositions are almost ε-martensite, while the latter were basically composed by α′-martensite. The phenomenon indicates that the bending stress induces the γ→ε martensite phase transformation of Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy, and the mechanism of fatigue strength improvement inside Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy is that stress concentration and crack speed reduce in the phase transition process.

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