基于点云数据的采空区三维建模算法

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2015年第8期

论文作者:王李管 陈鑫 毕林 陈建宏 朱忠华

文章页码:3047 - 3054

关键词:采空区;激光扫描点云;Delaunay三角剖分;模型内外检测;伪极点-Crust算法

Key words:goaf; laser scan point cloud; Delaunay triangulation; internal-external model detection; pseudo pole-Crust algorithm

摘    要:为有效实施对采空区的控制和安全管理,需要准确掌握矿山采空区的体积、空间三维形态和实际边界。通过三维激光扫描技术可获取采空区表面点云数据,结合矿山采空区自身空间几何特点,提出伪极点-Crust建模算法。其基本思路为:在三维Delaunay三角剖分的基础上,给出伪极点的概念,以伪极点代替传统Crust算法中的极点,减小数据存储量;同时结合奇异四面体判别准则,确保采空区模型的准确性;通过使用模型内外检测算法和伪极点-Crust图抽取算法,建立采空区三维模型。用VC++实现该算法,对安徽铜陵冬瓜山铜矿采空区建模进行试验。研究结果表明:采用该算法建模快速,结果准确;该算法同样适用于实测巷道建模、采场验收、计算机几何造型、逆向工程和虚拟现实技术等。

Abstract: In order to implement the safety control and management of goaf effectively, mines’ accurate knowledge of its size, shape and boundary must be required. With the point cloud data of goaf surface detected through 3D laser scanning technique and the geometric characteristics of mined-area itself, pseudo pole-Crust algorithm was proposed. Firstly, the conception of pseudo pole, which replaces of pole in conventional Crust algorithm, was put forward to reduce data storage based on 3D Delaunay triangulation. Meanwhile criterion of odd tetrahedron was consulted to ensure the accuracy of goaf model. Finally, the 3D modeling of goaf was accomplished with internal-external model detecting algorithm and pseudo pole-Crust extracting algorithm. Pseudo pole-Crust algorithm was actualized with VC++, and experimental tests of Dongguashan copper goaf were conducted. The results show that the algorithm is quick and accurate. The algorithm can also be applied to measuring laneway modeling, stope checking, computer geometry modeling, reverse engineering and virtual reality technology.

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