有机负荷对单级UASB-A/O处理晚期 垃圾渗滤液短程脱氮的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第4期

论文作者:刘牡 彭永臻 王淑莹 刘甜甜 委燕

文章页码:1347 - 1354

关键词:有机负荷;垃圾渗滤液;产甲烷;短程脱氮;亚硝酸积累率

Key words:organic loading rate; landfill leachate; methanogenesis; shortcut nitrification-denitrification; nitrite accumulation rate

摘    要:采用“单级UASB-A/O组合工艺”处理实际晚期城市生活垃圾渗滤液,考察不同有机负荷(OLR, organic loading rate)条件下氮与有机物的转化和去除及其产生的综合影响。研究结果表明:厌氧与好氧系统的动态缓冲能力使得COD总去除率均在90%以上;OLR过低与过高时,氨氮去除率分别因碱度回收不足与异养菌竞争作用而下降;总氮去除率随OLR的提升而升高,而当OLR过低时,受反硝化碳源与氨氮降解效率的双重限制,其去除率明显偏低;同时甲烷化反硝化UASB中挥发性脂肪酸(VFA, volatile fatty acid)与碱度的比值始终低于 0.3,OLR在6.15~15.58 kg/(m3·d)范围内时反硝化菌与产甲烷菌活性能维持动态平衡;在应对OLR变化方面,DO与pH曲线作为实时控制的电化学参数时各有特点,应当针对不同水质研究其变化规律并使两者结合运用;A/O亚硝积累率随着OLR的增加而呈现小幅度上升。

Abstract: A combined system consisting of an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and anoxic/oxic bioreactor was adopted for treating mature municipal landfill leachate. The transition behavior of nitrogen and organic matter and the comprehensive effects in the combined system were systematically analyzed at different organic loading rates (OLR) (3.78-20.25 kg/(m3·d)). The results show that the total COD removal rate is above 90% due to the dynamic buffer ability of anaerobic and aerobic system; ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) removal rate decreases due to the lack of alkalinity with low OLR and the competition of heterotrophic bacteria with high OLR; total nitrogen removal rate ascends with the increase of OLR, and when OLR is too low, total nitrogen removal rate decreases obviously with the double restriction of carbon source for denitrifying and low efficiency of NH4+-N degradation; in the anaerobic simultaneous denitrification and methanogenesis reactor, volatile fatty acid (VFA)/alkalinity value is lower than 0.3 and denitrifying bacteria and methane-producing bacteria are maintained at dynamic balance in the OLR range of 6.15-15.58 kg/(m3·d); there are different features while using DO and pH curve as electrochemical parameters of real-time control, and it is necessary to combine these two methods according to variation rule; and the nitrite accumulation rate in A/O presents a modest increase with the increase of OLR.

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