AuSn/(Ni/AlSi)焊点的界面反应及剪切强度

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第1期

论文作者:王檬 朱志云 韦小凤 冯艳

文章页码:58 - 64

关键词:AuSn/(Ni/AlSi)焊点;固相老化退火;金属间化合物(IMC);脆性断裂

Key words:AuSn/(Ni/AlSi) joints; solid-state aging; intermetallic compound (IMC); brittle fracture

摘    要:分别采用双辊甩带快速凝固技术和喷射沉积技术制备AuSn焊料和AlSi合金,研究AuSn/(Ni/AlSi)焊点的界面反应特征及固相老化退火时间对焊点组织和剪切强度的影响。研究结果表明:在300 ℃钎焊90 s后,AuSn/(Ni/AlSi)焊点形成细小的层状(ζ-Au5Sn)+(δ-AuSn)共晶组织和针状的(Ni,Au)3Sn2相。焊点在200 ℃固相老化退火不同时间后,共晶组织明显粗化,焊料/基体界面处形成(Au,Ni)Sn+(Ni,Au)3Sn2复合金属间化合物(IMC)层,且随退火时间延长逐渐增大。退火时间达1 000 h时,在(Ni,Au)3Sn2/Ni界面处产生(Ni,Au)3Sn相。当退火时间小于300 h时,焊点剪切强度随退火时间延长逐渐降低,断裂形式主要是发生在焊料/IMC界面的脆性断裂。退火时间继续延长剪切强度基本不变,断裂主要发生在IMC内部,而且从断裂模型沿晶断裂转变为穿晶断裂。

Abstract: The AuSn solder and AlSi alloy were prepared by double-roll rapid solidification process and spray deposition technology respectively. The interfacial reaction and effects of solid-state aging time on the microstructure and the shear strength of AuSn/(Ni/AlSi) joints were investigated. The results show that after reflow at 300 ℃ for 90 s, a fine lamellar (ζ-Au5Sn)+(δ-AuSn) eutectic microstructure is formed in the solder matrix, and needle-like (Ni,Au)3Sn2 is formed at the interface. After aging at 200 ℃ for various times, the eutectic structure is coarsened significantly. A multi-layer, which is composed of (Au,Ni)Sn and (Ni,Au)3Sn2 phases, is formed at the solder/substrate interface, and grows with the increase of aging time. Upon to 1 000 h, however, a (Ni,Au)3Sn layer is formed between the (Ni,Au)3Sn2 layer and Ni. The shear strength of the joints declines with the increase of aging time at the first 300 h, and fracture sites occur at the solder/IMC interface with a brittle fracture mode. With the increase of the aging time, the shear strength of joints keeps constant basically. However, the fracture mode changes from intercrystalline to transcrystalline brittle fracture mode.

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