第一性原理在锂硫电池正极材料中的应用

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2018年第11期

论文作者:陈跃辉 杨绍斌 李思南 董伟 沈丁

文章页码:2313 - 2327

关键词:锂硫电池;第一性原理;正极材料

Key words:lithium-sulfur battery; first-principle; cathode material

摘    要:锂硫电池被广泛认为最具潜力的下一代储能体系,但是锂硫电池的技术瓶颈使其实用化过程遇到诸多困难。全球“材料基因组”计划的开展促进第一性原理在储能材料领域的广泛应用。综述近年来第一性原理在锂硫电池正极材料中的应用,从4个方面分析多硫化物的吸附作用、充放电机理、锂离子的扩散及电子结构对锂硫电池的穿梭效应、容量、循环稳定性等问题的影响。通过第一性原理计算将宏观性能与微观本质相关联,展望其在锂硫电池中的应用前景,为进一步设计硫正极材料提供参考。

Abstract: Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are widely regarded as the most promising generation of energy storage systems, but the technical bottlenecks of Li-S batteries have made it difficult to make them practical. The global “Material Genome Initiative” promotes the widespread use of first-principles in energy-storage materials. The recent application of the first-principles in cathode materials, including the influences of adsorption effect of polysulfide, charging-discharging mechanism, lithium ions diffusion and electronic structure on the performances of Li-S batteries, such as shuttle effect, the capacity and cycle stability were reviewed. Combined macro performance and micro essentials by first-principles calculations, the application prospects of Li-S batteries were given to provide a reference for further design of sulfur cathode materials.

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