强噪源干扰下的滚动轴承复合故障分离方法研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第8期

论文作者:万书亭 张雄 豆龙江

文章页码:1950 - 1960

关键词:滚动轴承;复合故障;变分模态分解;最大相关峭度解卷积

Key words:rolling bearing; composite fault; variational mode decomposition; the maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution

摘    要:针对强背景噪声干扰下的轴承复合故障难以准确分离提取,噪声与复合故障各成分间相互影响容易造成误诊或漏诊的问题,提出基于变分模态分解(VMD)及最大相关峭度解卷积(MCKD)的复合故障分离方法。首先对复合故障信号进行变分模态分解并根据峭度及相关系数准则重构信号作为前置滤噪处理,然后选取合理的滤波器长度及解卷积周期对重构信号进行最大相关峭度解卷积运算以实现故障特征分离,并结合1.5维能量谱强化信号瞬时冲击特征的优点,准确实现复合故障诊断,最后通过噪源干扰下的外圈、内圈复合故障实测信号分析验证该方法的有效性。研究结果表明:VMD方法能够有效滤除噪声干扰,且其滤噪效果比集合经验模态分解(EEMD)方法的滤噪效果好;MCKD方法能够将外圈、内圈故障分离,避免复合故障各成分间的相互干扰;1.5维能量谱能够强化谱图中的瞬时冲击特征。

Abstract: Considering that it is difficult to extract compound bearing fault accurately under the condition of strong background noise, and that misdiagnosis occurs due to the mutual influence between noise and compound fault components, a new method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and the maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) was proposed. First, compound fault signal was decomposed by VMD method and the signal was reconstructed by the code of the kurtosis and correlation coefficient. Then, the reconstructed signal was calculated by MCKD method through choosing suitable filter length and solution of convolution cycle. Furthermore, combined with 1.5 dimensional energy spectrum to strengthen the instantaneous impact characteristics, the compound fault diagnosis was implemented accurately. Finally, effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by the analysis of outer ring and inner ring compound fault signal with the disturbance of noise. The results show that VMD method can effectively filter noise interference, and the denoising effect is better than that of ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method. MCKD method can separate the outer ring and inner ring fault and avoid the mutual interference between the components of the compound fault. 1.5 dimensional energy spectrum can enhance the instantaneous impact characteristics in the spectra.

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