深部高应力破碎软岩巷道支护技术研究及其应用

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第11期

论文作者:孟庆彬 韩立军 张建 文圣勇 张帆舸 李浩

文章页码:3861 - 3873

关键词:深部高应力;破碎软岩巷道;变形破坏机理;分步联合支护

Key words:deep high stress; broken and soft rock roadway; deformation and failure mechanism; step by step combined supporting

摘    要:针对深部高应力破碎软岩巷道围岩变形量大、变形剧烈、底臌严重、流变性强、支护难等特点,基于巷道围岩松动圈地质雷达探测、收敛变形监测等地质力学测试技术,揭示深部高应力破碎软岩巷道变形破坏特征;采用数值模拟技术手段,从围岩强度特性、流变特性、巷道断面形状、软岩巷道群开挖相互影响、支护设计这5个方面分析深部高应力破碎软岩巷道变形破坏机理。针对安徽省淮南市朱集西矿深部开拓巷道特征与工程地质条件,提出“锚网索喷+U型钢支架+注浆+底板锚注”分步联合支护技术方案;基于大型三维模型试验系统,验证分步联合支护技术方案的可行性;采用FLAC 3D研究分析不同支护方案的支护效果,模拟验证分步联合支护方案的合理性。研究结果表明:分步联合支护技术方案有效地控制了深部高应力破碎软岩巷道的大变形与底臌,保证了巷道围岩与支护结构的长期稳定及安全。

Abstract: The research aims at the problems of large deformation, severe deformation, serious floor heave, high rheology and difficult supporting in the deep roadway which has a high stress level with its surrounding rock being fractured and soften. Based on two geological mechanics testing technologies including the geological radar detection of roadway surround rock loose circle and the monitoring of convergence deformation, the deformation and failure characteristics were revealed of deep roadway which has high stress level, and is fractured and soft. Using the method of the numerical simulation technology, the deformation and failure mechanism of deep high-stressed soft rock roadway were analyzed from five aspects, including surrounding rock strength properties, rheological properties, cross-section shape of roadway, the interaction of soft rock roadways excavation and supporting design. Considering at the characteristics of deep development roadway and the conditions of engineering geological, a step by step combined supporting technical scheme, namely the method of “bolting and shotcreting, U-steel support, grouting and floor bolting casting” was proposed. Based on large 3D model test system, the step by step combined supporting technical scheme was verified. The supporting effect of different support schemes was analyzed by using FLAC 3D. The rationality of the step by step combined supporting technical scheme was also verified. The results show that the large deformation and floor heave of the fractured soft-rock deep roadway under high stress can be effectively controlled with the method of the step by step combined supporting technical scheme, long-term stability and security of the roadway surrounding rock and supporting structure can be ensured.

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