超级电容器RuO₂·nH₂O电极材料的热处理工艺

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)2009年第6期

论文作者：刘泓 甘卫平 黄波 师响 刘继宇 郑峰

文章页码：1546 - 1551

关键词：超级电容器；氧化钌薄膜；直流-示差脉冲电沉积；热处理

Key words：supercapacitor; RuO₂·nH₂O film; gavanostatic-differential pulse electrodeposition; heat treatment

摘    要：以RuCl₃·3H₂O水溶液为电沉积液，采用直流-示差脉冲组合电沉积技术制备超级电容器用钽基RuO₂·nH₂O薄膜阴极材料。借助扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和电化学分析仪，研究RuO₂·nH₂O薄膜的微观形貌、物相结构、循环伏安和充放电性能。实验结果表明：RuCl₃·3H₂O先驱体经热处理后转变成RuO₂·nH₂O薄膜，呈不定形结构时能获得较大的比电容；随着热处理温度的升高，薄膜材料的附着力提高，RuO₂·nH₂O薄膜由不定形结构向晶体结构转变，随之薄膜的比电容下降；在300 ℃热处理的RuO₂·nH₂O薄膜电极材料，其比电容为466 F/g，薄膜与钽基体的附着力为11.3 MPa，薄膜的单位面积质量为2.5 mg/cm²，1 000次充放电循环后比电容为循环前的93.1%。

Abstract: RuO₂·nH₂O film as a potential cathode material for supercapacitor was deposited on tantalum foils using water solution of RuCl₃·3H₂O by galvanostatic-differential pulse voltammetry. The micro-morphology, composition phases and cyclic voltammetry of the film were studied by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical method respectively. The results show that RuCl₃·3H₂O film precursor transforms into RuO₂·nH₂O after the heat treatment, and has bigger special capacitance when RuO₂·nH₂O is amorphous structure. The adhesive force of the film is improved and there is a change for RuO₂·nH₂O from amorphous to crystal and the special capacitance of film is reduced as the heat treatment temperature increases. When the film is heat treated at 300 ℃, the adhesive force of the film is measured to be 11.3 MPa, with unit surface mass of 2.5 mg/ cm². The special capacitance of the film is 466 F/g, and maintains at 93.1% after 1 000 charge-discharge cycles.

基金信息：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目
米塔尔基金资助项目