混合捕收剂浮选分离锂辉石与长石及其机理

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第3期

论文作者:徐龙华 田佳 邓伟 易发成 巫侯琴 刘璟 王振

文章页码:511 - 518

关键词:锂辉石;长石;阴阳离子混合捕收剂;浮选

Key words:spodumene; feldspar; mixed cationic/anionic collectors; flotation

摘    要:通过单矿物浮选实验、混合捕收剂溶液化学计算、动电位测试以及红外光谱分析,对阴阳离子混合捕收剂(油酸钠/十二胺)浮选分离锂辉石与长石的行为及机理进行研究。研究结果表明,阴阳离子混合捕收剂能够显著提高锂辉石与长石的浮选分离效率。当溶液pH为8.5、油酸钠与十二胺物质的量比为6:1~10:1时,混合捕收剂对锂辉石与长石的浮选分离能取得很好的效果,其中锂辉石的浮选回收率可达85%,而长石的回收率只有25%。混合捕收剂在溶液中的存在形态与溶液的pH有关,在浮选分离的适宜pH=8.5时以分子-离子络合物的形式存在。这种分子-离子络合物对锂辉石和长石具有选择性吸附的作用。在混合捕收剂溶液中,锂辉石和长石的动电位均处于与十二胺作用后及油酸钠作用后的动电位之间,说明混合捕收剂中的2种组分在矿物表面均有吸附,而混合捕收剂使锂辉石表面动电位负移程度明显强于使长石表面动电位负移程度,说明混合捕收剂在锂辉石表面的吸附量明显比在长石表面的大,从而可以实现锂辉石和长石的选择性分离。

Abstract: The flotation separation and adsorption mechanism of spodumene from feldspar using the mixed anionic/ cationic collector (NaOL-DDA) were investigated through the microflotation experiments, Zeta potential technique, solution chemistry of mixed collectors and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses. The results indicate that the mixed collectors exhibit excellent flotation separation performance of spodumene from feldspar. When the molar ratios of NaOL to DDA is 6:1-10:1, the mixed collectors can realize the spodumene recovery of 85% and the feldspar recovery of 25% at pH 8.5. The existent forms of mixed collector in solution has a great relationship with the pH, and it is the form of molecular-ion complex for the flotation optimal pH=8.5. The molecular-ion complexes have selective adsorption on spodumene and feldspar. In solution, the electrokinetic potentials of and feldspar treated by the mixed collectors are between dodecyl amine and sodium oleate, indicating the adsorption of two components of mixed collector on the minerals. And zeta potential of spodumene treated by the mixed collectors shifted significantly more negatively than that of feldspar, which meaning that the adsorption amount of mixed collector on spodumene surface was significantly greater than on feldspar surface. That is, it can achieve the selective flotation separation of spodumene from feldspar.

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