裂缝性地层水力裂缝非平面延伸特征分析

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第1期

论文作者:任岚 赵金洲 胡永全 裴钰

文章页码:167 - 173

关键词:裂缝性地层;水力裂缝;非平面延伸;天然裂缝;PKN模型

Key words:naturally fractured formations; hydraulic fracture; non-planar propagation; natural fractures; PKN model

摘    要:为分析裂缝性地层水力裂缝非平面延伸特征,基于等效平面裂缝思想和PKN模型,建立裂缝性地层水力裂缝延伸数学模型及求解方法。模拟计算表明:水力裂缝沿天然裂缝转向延伸时,缝宽在转向延伸段明显减小,在延伸路径上表现为非连续变化特征;受转向延伸段缝宽减小对流体流动的节流作用,转向延伸段的流体压力梯度增大,导致井底施工压力升高;水力裂缝沿天然裂缝转向延伸距离越长或转向延伸次数越多,则井底施工压力上升幅度越大。本文模型为分析裂缝性地层水力裂缝非平面延伸特征提供了手段,为裂缝性地层水力压裂工艺参数设计提供了理论依据。

Abstract: Multi-branched and non-planar fracture extension system is a common occurrence during fracturing of naturally fractured reservoir. To analyze the non-planar propagation characteristics of hydraulic fracture in naturally fractured formations, the mathematical model of hydraulic fracture non-planar propagation was established and corresponding numerical solution was provided based on the equivalent planar fracture of propagation pathway of hydraulic fracture re-orientating along natural fractures and the PKN model. Calculation results show that the induced fracture width reduces apparently and fluid pressure gradient increases at re-orientation propagation section when hydraulic fracture extends along natural fractures, which leads to the increase of treating pressure. Simulating on re-orientation propagation distance and re-orientation propagation number of hydraulic fracture extending along natural fractures shows that the longer the re-orientation propagation distance is and the more the re-orientation propagation numbers are, the more treating pressure is increased and the greater the effect on fracturing is. The model in this work offers a tool to realize non-planar extending characteristics of hydraulic fracture and a theoretical basis for fracturing design in naturally fractured formations.

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