蜈蚣草茎叶收获物“水热液化”脱除重金属及生物油转化

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2015年第1期

论文作者:邓自祥 杨建广 李焌源 张绪亮

文章页码:358 - 366

关键词:蜈蚣草;生物质;水热液化;重金属;超富集植物

Key words:Pteris vittata; biomass; hydrothermal upgrading process; heavy metals; hyperaccumulator

摘    要:以重金属超富集植物之一的蜈蚣草茎叶收获物为对象,以实现其中重金属高效分离及生物油转化为目标,开展蜈蚣草茎叶收获物“水热液化”后处理工艺研究,考察粒度、温度、液固比、压力、反应时间和催化剂等工艺参数对蜈蚣草茎叶中重金属分离和生物油转化的影响。研究结果表明:在粒度为75 μm、液固比为40:1、压力为23 MPa、温度为380 ℃、反应时间为30 min、催化剂为0.1 mol/L K2CO3条件下可将蜈蚣草茎叶中99%以上的主要重金属分离到水溶液中,83.76%的生物质转化成粗生物油。生物油经GC-MS等测定表明其主要由11.81%苯类、42.85%酮类、14.7%醇类、15.28%烯类及11.8%酯类组成,相对分子质量分布为94~282,碳数分布为6~18,热值为32.72 MJ/kg。

Abstract: Taking stems and leaves harvest of Pteris vittata as the research object, this experiment was carried out to separate heave metals and yield crude bio-oil from this heavy metals hyperaccumulator harvest through hydrothermal upgrading process. Parameters such as granularity, temperature, liquid-solid ratio, pressure, duration and catalysts were examined for their effect on the removal efficiency of heavy metals and upgrading efficiency of crude bio-oil. The maximum heavy metal removal efficiency of >99% and crude bio-oil upgrading efficiency of 83.76% were attained with 75 μm granularity, liquid-solid ratio 40:1 and pressure 23 MPa at 380 ℃ in the presence of 0.1 mol/L K2CO3 for 30 min. GC-MS analysis results show that the resulting bio-oil mainly consists of benzene 11.81%, ketone 42.85%, alcohols 14.7%, alkene 15.28% and ester 11.8%, and the relative molecular mass distribution lies in 94-282, carbon number distribution lies in 6-18, and calorific value is 32.72 MJ/kg.

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