穿孔法改进泡沫铝的吸声性能

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2011年第1期

论文作者:袁文文 李言祥 陈祥

文章页码:138 - 144

关键词:泡沫铝;穿孔;吸声性能;Helmholtz共振

Key words:aluminum foam; drilling holes; sound absorption; Helmholtz-type resonator

摘    要:利用熔体发泡技术制备不同孔径和气孔率的泡沫铝,对不同气孔率的原始状态泡沫铝以及孔径为1.1 mm的穿孔泡沫铝的吸声性能进行研究。结果表明:未设置背腔时,原始状态泡沫铝的吸声性能不高,设置背腔后,由于泡沫铝中所含通透结构的作用,泡沫铝的吸声性能明显提高;穿孔泡沫铝的穿孔率在0.5%~1.0%范围,设置60~80 mm背腔时可使降噪系数超过0.42,比原始状态泡沫铝不设置背腔时的降噪系数高2倍左右;穿孔泡沫铝设置背腔后的吸声特性符合Helmholtz共振吸声的规律,但受到穿孔结构、泡沫铝原本存在的缺陷组成的通透结构和气泡孔在穿孔过程中被打开的小开口等因素的影响。

Abstract: Aluminum foams with various cell sizes and porosities were prepared by the melt foaming process. The sound absorption properties of aluminum foams with different porosities in as-received state and with drilling holes of 1.1 mm diameter were investigated. The results show that the aluminum foams in as-received state with no back cavity do not possess high sound absorbability, while setting up a back cavity behind the foam can improve the sound absorbability according to some permeable structures existing inside the aluminum foam; the noise reduction coefficients of the aluminum foams with 0.5%-1.0% holes area ratio and 60-80 mm thick back cavity are above 0.42, which are about twice more than that of the aluminum foam in as-received state with no back cavity. The sound absorption coefficients of the aluminum foams with drilling holes comply with the characteristics of Helmholtz-type resonators when a back cavity exists. But they are affected by the structure of the drilling holes, the permeable structures derived from inherent defect inside the aluminum foam and the small openings on the cells formed by drilling process.

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