羟基氧化铬合成及其在铬酸盐溶液中的除钒应用

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2018年第4期

论文作者:陈欣 郑诗礼 张海林 崔雯雯 王舒磊 李平 张懿

文章页码:845 - 855

关键词:羟基氧化铬;分离;铬酸盐溶液;钒;水热法;选择性吸附

Key words:β-CrOOH; separation; chromate solution; vanadium; hydrothermal method; selective adsorption

摘    要:采用水热法合成纳米花状的β-CrOOH,并用于钒(V5+)的吸附分离。在碱性体系中,合成的β-CrOOH比表面积为174.882 m2/g,孔体积为0.602 cm3/g。在65 ℃、pH = 4时,β-CrOOH对V5+的最大吸附容量可达到32.66 mg/g。吸附机理表明,β-CrOOH在吸附过程中其表面会释放出羟基以形成配位不饱和Cr6+活性中心,溶液中的钒酸根( )单体通过钒氧双键(V=O)与不饱和的Cr6+活性中心结合,形成内球型配位,从而吸附钒。在铬酸盐的清洁生产应用中,将β-CrOOH置于铬铁矿无钙焙烧中和液(Na2CrO4-NaVO3-H2O)中用来选择性分离V5+离子。结果表明,适量的β-CrOOH能将铬中和液中91.57%的钒有效脱除掉,铬几乎无吸附,从而实现钒铬的有效分离。

Abstract: A guyanaite (β-CrOOH) with nanometer flower morphology synthesised by hydrothermal precipitation method and vanadate (V5+) ion adsorption on the β-CrOOH were investigated. In the alkaline system, the synthetic specific surface area of the β-CrOOH is 174.882 m2/g, the pore volum is 0.602 cm3/g. The β-CrOOH possesses the maximum V5+ ion adsorption capacity of 32.66 mg/g with pH=4 at 65 ℃. The adsorption mechanism results show that the β-CrOOH liberated surface hydroxyls to form coordinatively unsaturated Cr6+ centres, which further adsorbs V5+ ions through connecting mono-oxo, V=O terminal double bonds with oxygen of the Cr6+ centres. In the cleaner production application of chromate, the β-CrOOH is placed in the Na2CrO4-NaVO3-H2O solutions to selectively adsorb the V5+ ions, and 91.57% vanadium could be effectivly removed and Cr6+ is rarely adsorbed, realizing effective separation of vanadium and chromium.

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