从高铅碲渣中浸出碲的热力学分析及实验

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)2006年第3期

论文作者：马玉天 龚竹青 武俊 陈文汨 阳征会

文章页码：498 - 504

关键词：热力学分析;碲渣;硫酸浸出;碱浸出;二氧化碲

Key words：thermodynamic analysis; tellurium slag; sulfuric acid leaching; alkaline leaching; tellurium dioxide

摘    要：通过对Te(Ⅳ)-Pb(Ⅱ)-Sn(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)-As(Ⅲ)-H₂O系热力学分析和计算,得到溶液中Te(Ⅳ), Pb(Ⅱ), Sn(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ)和As(Ⅲ)浓度与溶液pH值的关系。热力学分析结果表明:可以采用酸浸方法从高铅碲渣中提取碲。并通过硫酸浸出高铅碲渣中碲的条件实验验证了热力学分析的结果。采用硫酸浸取高铅碲渣可以获得铅含量低于0.06%的粗TeO₂,硫酸浸含铅高的碲渣较氢氧化钠浸出具有明显的优势。实验所得较为适宜的硫酸浸出条件是:硫酸浓度为3 mol/L,液固比为6∶1,原料粒度为0.125~0.074 mm,浸出时间为180 min,酸浸温度为80℃,搅拌浆转速为300 r/min,在此条件下碲的浸出率可达86%。

Abstract: By thermodynamic analysis and calculation on system of Te(Ⅳ)-Pb(Ⅱ)-Sn(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)-As(Ⅲ)-H₂O, the relationship between concentration of Te(Ⅳ), Pb(Ⅱ), Sn(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ), As(Ⅲ) and pH was established. Thermodynamic analysis results show that tellurium can be leached by sulfuric acid leaching method from lead-rich tellurium slag. The experimental result shows that the sulfuric acid leaching method is more suitable for tellurium slag containing high lead than alkaline leaching method. Content of impurity Pb is less than 0.06% in raw TeO₂ from sulfuric acid leaching solution. The experiment confirms the thermodynamic analysis. The leaching rate of Te in the lead-rich tellurium slag can reach 86% when sulfuric acid is 3 mol/L,liquid-to-solid ratio is 6∶1, particle size of tellurium slag is 0.125 0.074 mm, leaching time is 180 min, reaction temperature is 80℃, and stirring speed is 300 r/min.

基金信息：国家自然科学基金资助项目