液固两相射流冲击磨损的数值计算与实验研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第5期

论文作者:姚军 赵彦琳 曾子华 葛少恒

文章页码:1289 - 1297

关键词:液固两相;射流;磨损;数值计算

Key words:liquid-solid; impinging jet; erosion; numerical simulation

摘    要:应用实验与数值模拟研究液固两相射流对不锈钢材料的冲蚀磨损行为,分析不同质量分数、粒径情况下样品的平均磨损率,并基于数值模拟预测不同射流速度工况下的冲刷磨损率,最终建立冲刷磨损率与射流速度的关系模型。研究结果表明:单相射流流场的数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好;在距离射流中心区域不同径向距离上,平均速度的变化趋势较一致;在近壁面处,射流轴向速度突然减小,造成雷诺切应力增大。在远离壁面处,其法向速度逐渐增大,脉动速度相应增大,雷诺切应力增大;当射流继续远离壁面时,雷诺切应力开始减小直到趋近于0;在喷嘴正下方,压力分布存在1个滞止区,此处压力高于四周压力;下游冲刷磨损率先升高再稍微下降,而上游冲刷磨损率明显下降;实验样品表面微观测试结果验证了不同区域冲刷磨损率分布的正确性。

Abstract: Both experimental and numerical method were applied to investigate the erosion wear behaviour of liquid-solid two-phase jet on stainless steel, the average wear rates of samples under conditions of different mass fractions and particle sizes were analyzed, and the wear rates at different jet velocities were predicted based on the numerical simulation, and finally the relationship model of erosion wear rate with jet velocity was established. The results show that the numerical simulations of single-phase flow field agree well with those of the experiments. The mean velocities of impinging jet have similar trends at various radial distances from the core region. The axial velocity near the wall decreases sharply, which causes the increase of Reynolds shear stress. However, apart from the wall, the normal velocity increases gradually as well as the fluctuation velocity, which causes the increase of Reynolds stress. Apart from the wall sequentially, Reynolds stress decreases gradually to zero. A stagnation region is found right below the impinging jet, where pressure is higher than that in other areas. The downstream scour wear rate first increases and then decreases slightly, while the erosion rate for upstream decreases significantly. The microcosmic test on the surface of the experimental sample verifies the correctness of the erosion rate distribution in different regions.

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