基于太阳辐射的水平外遮阳调控策略

丁勇，戴辉自，李百战，连大旗

(重庆大学 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室，重庆，400045)

摘 要：建筑物的水平外遮阳设置由于受到建筑物朝向、不同时刻太阳高度角、不同时刻太阳方位角等因素的影响，不同大小的水平外遮阳对太阳辐射的遮挡也产生变化。为使水平外遮阳在各个时刻、各个朝向能充分地发挥遮阳效果，并能同时满足自然采光要求，水平外遮阳应该采用可调尺寸，并能根据时间和太阳高度角的变化进行调节。本文理论地分析影响水平外遮阳效果的各个因素，并根据相似理论建立3个尺寸可变的水平外遮阳实验模型，测试不同朝向、不同挑出长度的水平外遮阳，在不同时刻的室内、外太阳辐射强度以及照度值。基于测试结果，结合水平外遮阳对室内太阳辐射的遮挡，并适当考虑室内自然采光要求，得到南向、西南、东南向水平外遮阳不同时刻的调控策略。

关键词：太阳辐射；水平外遮阳；调控策略

Control strategy for horizontal external shading based on solar radiation

DING Yong, DAI Hui-zi, LI Bai-zhan, LIAN Da-qi

(Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education
Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China)

Abstract:The horizontal shading installed in the building, influenced by the building orientation, solar angle and solar azimuth changing with the time, makes the solar radiation shaded by horizontal shading changes correspondingly. In order to maximize the effect of horizontal external shading in each orientation at every moment and meet the requirements of natural lighting, the horizontal external shading should be movable in size and consistent with the solar angle’s change. The shading effect influenced by all the factors was analyzed theoretically, and three experimental shading models were established in accordance with the similarity theory whose dimension is variable, and the indoor solar radiation intensity and intensity of illumination were tested in different orientations, with different pick-out lengths of the sunshade and at different time. Based on the test results, combining with shading for keeping out of indoor sun radiation and considering indoor natural lighting requirements appropriately, control strategies for external shading in south, southwest, southeast orientations at different time were obtained.

Key words:solar radiation; horizontal shading; control strategy