用新型有机抑制剂选择性浮选分离铁闪锌矿与毒砂

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)2006年第4期

论文作者：熊道陵 胡岳华 覃文庆 孙伟 刘润清

文章页码：670 - 674

关键词：铁闪锌矿;毒砂;有机抑制剂;选择性分离;浮选

Key words：marmatite; arsenopyrite; organic depressant; selective separation; flotation

摘    要：通过浮选试验研究铁闪锌矿和毒砂在丁黄药作用下的浮选行为,以及Cu²⁺和有机抑制剂PALA对它们可浮性的影响。研究结果表明:用丁黄药作捕收剂,铁闪锌矿和毒砂在酸性条件下有良好的可浮性,在碱性条件下可浮性显著降低;经过Cu²⁺活化作用后,铁闪锌矿被强烈活化从而具有良好的可浮性,同时毒砂也受到不同程度的活化,铁闪锌矿与毒砂的可浮性差异仍然较小,达不到浮选分离的目的;有机抑制剂PALA对经过Cu²⁺活化后的2种单矿物表现出选择性的抑制作用,能有效地抑制毒砂的浮选而不影响铁闪锌矿的可浮性,可实现2种矿物的选择性分离;红外光谱分析表明PALA分子中有—COO^-和O C—NH₂等多种官能团, PALA与丁黄药存在竞争吸附;由于PALA携带众多的亲水基团,使得毒砂表面亲水,进而抑制毒砂的浮选; PALA在铁闪锌矿表面的吸附很弱,经过Cu²⁺活化后铁闪锌矿表面明显吸附捕收剂而不吸附PALA,因此,铁闪锌矿具有较好的可浮性。

Abstract: The flotation behavior of marmatite and arsenopyrite and the effects of Cu²⁺and organic depressant PALA on their floatability were studied. The results show that marmatite and arsenopyrite have good flotability in the acidic medium but are not floatable in the alkaline medium using the butyl xanthate as a collector. Cu²⁺activates the flotation of marmatite and arsenopyrite to different degrees. They could not be separeated in the absence of organic depressant PALA. Cu²⁺ activating arsenopyrite is depressed in the presence of organic depressant PALA and mamatite remains good floatability in the same case. Infrared adsorption spectra demonstrate that there is a number of function groups such as—COO^-, O C—NH₂in the molecular structure of PALA.PALA competes with xanthate in the adsorption onto sulfide minerals. The adsorption of PALA onto arsenopyrite is favoured. PALA with a number of hydrophilic function groups makes the flotation of arsenopyrite depressed. The flotation separation of arsenopyrite from marmatite can be carried out by using PALA as organic depressant and Cu²⁺as activator.