盐渍土地区混凝土加速寿命试验可靠性分析方法

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2021年第3期

论文作者:乔宏霞 路承功 魏智强 乔国斌 朱彬荣

文章页码:1017 - 1027

关键词:混凝土;加速寿命;Gamma分布;2参数Weibull;3参数Weibull;可靠性分析

Key words:concrete; accelerated life; Gamma distribution; two-parameter Weibull; three-parameters Weibull; reliability analysis

摘    要:为了更加准确、合理评估西部盐渍土地区混凝土耐久性能及服役寿命,设计模拟盐渍土地区四季损伤因子耦合作用的室内加速寿命试验,损伤因子包括复合盐侵蚀、干湿循环、冻融破坏和太阳辐射,分别选择Gamma分布、2参数Weibull分布和3参数Weibull分布函数建模,通过概率图进行先验假设检验,利用极大似然法及相关系数优化法进行参数估计,并基于可靠度寿命曲线、密度曲线及失效率曲线综合评估多损伤因子耦合作用下混凝土可靠性。研究结果表明:Gamma分布和Weibull分布对混凝土加速寿命数据样本均具有较高的拟合精度;3参数Weibull分布可靠度曲线过渡阶段速度较快,密度曲线对称性不强;Gamma分布与2参数Weibull分布模型可靠性最接近,可靠度曲线在过渡阶段更平缓,密度曲线更对称,失效率曲线后期均以较快速率增加。3类分布模型中,2参数Weibull分布在第1阶段时间最短,可靠度寿命最小,失效率在后期以幂次型增加,更符合混凝土在多损伤因子综合作用下的劣化规律;考虑3参数Weibull分布模型参数估计的难度,可直接通过2参数Weibull分布模型进行混凝土耐久性寿命的快速评估。可靠度水平为0.4时的可靠性寿命最接近混凝土加速寿命,将该可靠度作为盐渍土多损伤因子耦合作用时混凝土寿命结束标志。

Abstract: In order to more accurately and reasonably evaluate the durability and service life of concrete in western saline soil area, an indoor accelerated life test was designed to simulate the coupling effect of the four-season damage factor in the saline soil area. Damage factors included compound salt erosion, dry-wet cycle, freeze-thaw damage and solar radiation. The Gamma distribution, two-parameter Weibull distribution and three-parameter Weibull distribution function were selected respectively for modeling. Prior hypothesis test was conducted through the probability graph. The maximum likelihood method and correlation coefficient optimization method were used for parameter estimation. Based on reliability life curve, density curve and failure rate curve, the reliability of concrete under the coupling action of multiple damage factors was evaluated comprehensively. The results show that Gamma distributions and Weibull distributions have high fitting accuracy for the samples of concrete accelerated life data. The reliability curve of three-parameter Weibull distribution is faster in transition stage, and the symmetry of density curve is not strong. The Gamma distribution is the closest to the reliability of the two-parameter Weibull distribution model. The reliability curve is smoother in the transition stage, the density curve is more symmetrical, and the failure rate curve increases at a faster rate in the later stage. Among the three types of distribution models, two parameter Weibull distribution has the shortest time and the lowest reliability life in the first stage, and the failure rate increases in power-law form in the later stage. Two-parameter Weibull distribution model is more consistent with the deterioration law of concrete under the comprehensive action of multiple damage factors. Considering the difficulty of parameter estimation in the three-parameter Weibull distribution model, the durability life of concrete can be directly evaluated by two-parameter Weibull distribution model. When the reliability level is 0.4, the reliability life is the closest to the accelerated life of concrete, and reliability is taken as the end symbol of the concrete life under the coupling action of multiple damage factors of saline soil.

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