利用异化金属还原菌和锰尾矿处理制药废水

冯雅丽¹，张茜^{1, 2} ，李浩然²，王李娟^{1, 2}，毕耜超^{1, 2}

(1. 北京科技大学 土木与环境工程学院，北京，100083；
2. 中国科学院过程工程研究所 生化工程国家重点实验室，北京，100190)

摘 要：以厌氧活性污泥作为菌种来源，用醋酸钠作为电子供体、氢氧化铁为电子受体，分离得到异化金属还原菌并进行驯化，得到活性较高的菌种。利用异化金属还原菌还原锰尾矿的同时对废水进行处理，考查单因素锰尾矿用量、pH、反应温度等条件对有机物降解效果的影响，并探讨异化金属还原菌处理废水的机理。研究结果表明：异化金属还原菌利用锰尾矿处理制药废水的最佳反应条件如下：尾矿用量为2.0 g/L，初始pH为7.0，反应温度为30 ℃，经过10 d的降解，出水可达到制药工业水污染物排放标准。利用锰尾矿和异化金属还原菌处理废水的过程分为2个阶段，即吸附过程和异化还原过程。该方法操作简单、易于管理，可达到以废治废的目的，是一种新型的环境友好的废水处理方式。

关键词：异化金属还原菌；锰尾矿；制药废水；化学需氧量

Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater using dissimilatory metal reductive microbes and manganese tailings

FENG Ya-li¹, ZHANG Qian^{1, 2}, LI Hao-ran², WANG Li-juan^{1, 2}, BI Si-chao^{1, 2}

(1. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key State Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China)

Abstract:Using NaAc as electron donor and Fe(OH)₃ as electron acceptor, dissimilatory metal reductive microbes were isolated from anaerobic activated sludge, and domesticated to high activity. Dissimilatory metal reductive microbes could use organic matters in pharmaceutical wastewater as reduction substrate while reducing manganese tailings. At the same time, organic matters could be degraded. Conditions of slag dosage, pH and temperature were studied by means of single factor experiments. The results show that the optimum conditions are as follows: tailings dosage is 2.0 g/L, initiate pH is 7.0 and reaction temperature is 30 ℃. After 10 d of reaction, the COD (Chemical oxygen demand) of effluent is up to the discharge standard of pharmaceutical wastewater. The process of pharmaceutical wastewater treating can be divided into two stages which are adsorption and dissimilation reduction. This method is easy to operate and manage. Meanwhile it reuses solid waste to treat wastewater, which means it is an environmental friendly wastewater treatment technique.

Key words:dissimilatory metal reductive microbes; manganese tailings; pharmaceutical wastewater; COD