增强纤维对连续纤维增强铝基复合材料界面和力学性能的影响

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2019年第10期

论文作者:胡银生 余欢 徐志锋 聂明明 徐燕杰 姚菁

文章页码:2245 - 2255

关键词:增强纤维;连续纤维增强;铝基复合材料;真空压力浸渗;界面;力学性能

Key words:reinforced fiber; continuous fiber reinforced; aluminum matrix composites; vacuum pressure infiltration; interface; mechanical properties

摘    要:选用M40J碳纤维、KD-Ⅱ型碳化硅纤维和Nextel610型氧化铝纤维为增强体材料,采用真空压力浸渗法制备纤维单向排布,基体合金为ZL301的连续纤维增强铝基复合材料,研究增强纤维对复合材料致密度、界面及力学性能的影响。结果表明:增强纤维对复合材料的致密度有着明显影响,Cf/Al复合材料的致密度最大,达到99.9%,密度最小,仅为2.248 g/cm3,且其纤维排布均匀,组织缺陷最少;不同增强纤维与基体会发生不同程度的界面反应,最后表现为不同的纤维损伤程度,界面层厚度和界面相的大小,Al2O3f/Al复合材料未发现明显界面层,SiCf/Al复合材料和Cf/Al复合材料的界面层厚度分别为275.3 nm 和327.4 nm,界面上都发现有短棒状的Al4C3相;SiCf/Al,Cf/Al和Al2O3f/Al复合材料的拉伸强度分别为780.3 MPa,670.2 MPa和587 MPa,组织缺陷、纤维损伤和界面结合强度是影响复合材料强度的主要因素。

Abstract: The vacuum gas pressure infiltration was used to compose the continuous fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites with unidirectional fiber arrangement using M40 carbon fiber, KD-II SiC fiber and Nextel610 Al2O3 fiber as reinforced materials, the matrix alloy was ZL301, the effects of reinforced fiber on interface and mechanical properties of composites were studied. The results show that the reinforcement fiber has a significant effect on the density of the composites, the density of composites which the reinforced fiber is M40 carbon fiber is highest as 99.9%, it has the smallest density, only 2.55 g/cm3, and the fiber arrangement is uniform and the tissue defects are the least. The interfacial reactions of different reinforcing fibers and matrix can occur in varying degrees, showing different degree of fiber damage, the thickness of interface layer and the size of interface phase. The interface layer of Al2O3f/Al composite is not found, and the interface layer thicknesses of SiCf/Al composites and Cf/Al composites are 275.3 nm and 327.4 nm respectively, and short rod like Al4C3 phases are found at the interface. The tensile strengths of SiCf/Al, Cf/Al and Al2O3f/Al composites are 780.3 MPa, 670.2 MPa and 587 MPa, respectively. The defect, interfacial reaction degree and fiber damage are the main factors to determine the tensile strength of the composites.

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