中等嗜热菌浸出黄铜矿的温度影响规律及种群组成分析

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2012年第1期

论文作者:温建康 徐金光 陈勃伟 武彪 姚国成 刘美林 王淀佐

文章页码:1 - 7

关键词:细菌浸出;黄铜矿;中等嗜热菌;克隆文库

Key words:bioleaching; chalcopyrite; moderate thermophile; clone library

摘    要:在不同温度条件下进行浸出实验。研究结果表明:中等嗜热菌在12~55 ℃时可保持浸矿活性,其最适生长温度为45~50 ℃,温度达到60 ℃时初始阶段还保持一定活性,但几天后菌浓度逐渐降低,种群比例发生较大变化;克隆文库分析表明:45 ℃和60 ℃条件下浸矿细菌主要为Leptospirillum ferriphilum,Acidithiobacillus caldus,Sulfobacillus thermotolerans和Acidosphaera rubrifaciens,其中Leptospirillum ferriphilum菌所占比例较大,是浸矿过程中的优势菌种。60 ℃条件下浸出过程中还存在古生菌Ferroplasma cupricumulans,古生菌可以利用其他浸矿菌产生的有机物为能源生长。它们之间对浸出所起的作用是相辅相成的,可共同促进黄铜矿的溶解。

Abstract:

Bioleaching of chalcopyrite with moderate thermophilic bacteria was conducted at different temperatures. The results show that the moderate thermophiles can present bioleaching ability at 12-55 ℃ during leaching process. The optimum growth temperature is 45-50℃. When the temperature reaches 60 ℃, moderate thermophiles can maintain activity in the initial stage, but after a few days the bacteria concentration reduces gradually. 16S rDNA clone library reveals that the composition of moderate thermophiles at 45 ℃ and 60 ℃ are mainly Leptospirillum ferriphilum, Acidithiobacillus caldus, Sulfobacillus thermotolerans and Acidosphaera rubrifaciens. Leptospirillum ferriphilum is the dominant bacteria at the both temperatures, and archaea Ferroplasma cupricumulans are found at 60 ℃, which can use organic substances produced by other bacteria as energy source. It is suggested that these bacteria can supplement each other during bioleaching, thus facilitating the dissolution of chalcopyrite.

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