湿法浸出粘土矿中钒的动力学

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2008年第6期

论文作者:李浩然 冯雅丽 罗小兵 王宏杰 杜竹玮

文章页码:1181 - 1184

关键词:粘土矿;浸出动力学;收缩核模型;活化能

Key words:clay vanadium mineral; leaching kinetics; shrinking core model; activation energy

摘    要:为了提高湿法浸出粘土矿中钒的综合浸出效率,并对湿法浸出粘土矿中钒提供理论依据,从动力学角度分析整个浸出过程。考察温度、液固比、硫酸质量分数和搅拌速率对浸出过程的影响。研究结果表明:在80 ℃、液固比为4:1以及硫酸质量分数为20%时,浸取8 h,粘土矿中钒的浸出率可达到92.3%。经正交实验和动力学推导,得到描述浸出过程的经验方程,粘土矿湿法浸出钒的动力学模型为收缩核动力学模型,浸出表观活化能为11.611 kJ/mol,该模型表明浸出过程中的控制步骤是决定于固膜扩散速率。提高温度、液固比和硫酸质量分数,均可加速钒的浸出速度,提高钒的浸出率。

Abstract: In order to improve the leaching efficiency of vanadium pentoxide from clay mineral and provide its theoretical base, the leaching process was analyzed. The effects of reaction temperature, the liquid-solid ratio, sulphuric acid concentration and stir speed on the leaching rate were investigated. The results show that the leaching rate of vanadium pentoxide can reach 92.3% on the condition of temperature 80 ℃, liquid-solid ratio 4:1, mass fraction of sulfuric acid 20%, and leaching time 8 h. By means of orthogonal experiment and kinetic deduction, an empirical equation for the leaching process is established, and the apparent activation energy is 11.611 kJ/mol. The leaching process of clay mineral could be simulated with a shrinking core model, which indicates that the control factor of the leaching process is the diffusion rate of reacting reagents in a porous solid layer. The leaching rate and speed can be increased by enhanceing the temperature, liquid-solid ratio and sulfuric acid concentration.

基金信息:国家自然科学基金资助项目

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