锂离子电池LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4正极材料的合成及电化学性能

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2021年第8期

论文作者:李燕 陶扬 白红丽 白玮 向明武 郭俊明

文章页码:2198 - 2210

关键词:尖晶石型LiMn2O4;镧掺杂;去顶角八面体;锂离子电池;正极材料

Key words:spinel LiMn2O4; La-doping; truncated octahedron; lithium-ion battery; cathode materials

摘    要:采用液相无焰燃烧法制备单晶多面体LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4材料,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征手段对材料的结构和形貌进行分析,并通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安(CV)、交流阻抗(EIS)等测试分析材料的电化学性能。结果表明:掺杂La3+没有改变LiMn2O4的尖晶石结构。在25 ℃、1C和5C倍率条件下,LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4初始放电比容量分别为112.7和94.5mA h/g,循环500次后,LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4的容量保持率为64.42%和81.45%,而LiMn2O4样品的容量保持率分别为53.69%和56.9%;特别是在10C高倍率下,LiMn2O4样品的初始放电比容量仅有44.7 mA h/g,同样条件下,LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4首次放电比容量达73.5 mA h/g,循环500次后,容量保持率为81.09%。CV和EIS测试发现,掺杂后的材料有较好的循环可逆性,较大的锂离子扩散系数1.04×10-16 cm2/s,对循环2000次后的极片进行分析,材料的晶体结构和颗粒形貌基本没有变化,适量的La掺杂能够稳定材料的晶体结构,有效抑制Jahn-Teller,提高材料的循环性能。

Abstract: LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4 cathode material with a single crystal polyhedral morphology was prepared via a liquid flameless combustion method. The structure and morphology of the material were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The electrochemical performance was characterized by galvanostatic charge-discharge test, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4 do not change the spinel structure of LiMn2O4, it delivers the initial discharge capacity of 112.7 and 94.5 mA h/g with high capacity retention rate of 61.42% and 81.45% than that of the 53.69% and 56.9% in LiMn2O4after 500 cycles at 1C and 5C under 25 ℃, respectively. Especially, at a high current rate of 10C, the initial specific discharge capacity of LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4 is 73.5 mA h/g, however, the LiMn2O4 is only 44.7 mA h/g. Passing 500 cycles, the capacity retention rate of LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4 still mantian 81.09%. The CV and EIS test results also show that the La-doped material has good cycle reversibility and a larger lithium ion diffusion coefficient (1.04×10-16 cm2/s). In addition, the crystal structure and particle morphology of the LiLa0.02Mn1.98O4 are basically unchanged after 2000 cycles, indicating the appropriate La doping can stabilize the crystal structure and effectively inhibit Jahn-Teller effect. Therefore, the cycle performance of the material is improved.

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