电脱氧法由Nb2O5直接制备金属铌

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2005年第4期

论文作者:邓丽琴 许茜 李兵 翟玉春 黄振奇

文章页码:541 - 545

关键词:电脱氧;熔盐; 五氧化二铌; 铌; 电化学

Key words:eletro-deoxidation; molten salt; Nb2O5; niobium; electrochemistry

摘    要:采用熔盐电脱氧法,在800 °C混合熔盐CaCl2-NaCl中以烧结的Nb2O5为阴极, 石墨坩锅为阳极制备了金属铌。 研究了不同温度下烧结阴极形貌及其对电脱氧反应的影响,并考查了电解时间对阴极产物中氧含量的影响。 结果表明: 1 200 °C下烧结12 h的阴极片具有良好的电化学反应性能; 电脱氧过程中阴极片的脱氧速度不均匀; Nb2O5电极的还原由外向内,由高价向低价分步进行; 阴极的孔隙大小和颗粒尺寸会影响电极反应的速度。

Abstract: The method of electro-deoxidation was used to reduce solid Nb2O5 to niobium in a CaCl2-NaCl melt at 800 °C. The sintered Nb2O5 pellets acted as the cathode, while graphite crucible as the anode. It was investigated that the sintering temperature of the oxide cathode and the duration of electrolysis affected the purity of the products. The results show that the electrochemical activation of the cathode can be enhanced after being sintered at 1 200 °C for 12 h. The rate of electro-deoxidation for Nb2O5 is varied during electrolysis, and the rate at the beginning of electrolysis is much larger than that approaching the end. The electrochemical deoxidation of Nb2O5 in the molten salt is conducted step by step from outside of cathode pellets to inside. The speed of electrode reaction is affected by the sizes of hole and grain of cathode.

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