从离子型稀土矿浸取液中提取稀土的技术现状与展望

来源期刊：有色金属科学与工程2012年第5期

论文作者：罗仙平 钱有军 梁长利

文章页码：50 - 53

关键词：离子型稀土矿；浸取液；提取；研究进展；发展前景

Key words：ionic rare earth ore; leach solution; extraction; research progress; development prospect

摘    要：综述了沉淀法、沉淀浮选法、溶剂萃取法、离子交换法、液膜分离法等方法从离子型稀土矿浸取液中提取稀土的技术研究进展.在提取稀土的各种方法中，碳酸沉淀法因成功实现了稀土母液无毒化，改善了矿山生态环境等特点，在今后很长的一段时期内仍将是从离子型稀土矿浸取液中提取稀土的主要方法.但溶剂萃取法由于可直接生产出可溶性稀土盐或稀土料液，还能对稀土进行萃取分组以制备稀土分组产品，从而改变了稀土矿山一直以来只能生产混合氧化稀土的不利局面，提高了矿山的经济效益等特点，且符合绿色化学提取稀土资源的要求，将会有很好的发展前景.

Abstract: This article surveys the research progress and development of rare earth extraction technologies from the leach solution of ionic rare earth ore including precipitation, precipitation-floatation, solvent extraction, ion-exchange and solution membrane separation. Ammonium bicarbonate precipitation will be applied as the major technology in a long period of time for its characteristics of non-toxic leach solution and environment friendliness. Solvent extraction enjoys promising prospect for it can directly produce soluble rare-earth salt or rare-earth solution. It can also perform rare earth extraction grouping for preparing rare earth grouping products. So the former unfavorable status of only producing rare earth oxide mix was transformed by increasing the economic benefits and addressing the demands for green chemical rare earth extraction.