不同方向冲击加载作用下含裂纹巷道的破坏行为

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第8期

论文作者:朱哲明 周磊 范勇 刘瑞峰 邓帅 董玉清

文章页码:1921 - 1930

关键词:巷道;复合型裂纹;冲击加载方向;起裂时间;破坏方式;动态起裂韧度

Key words:tunnel; mixed-mode crack; impact loading direction; crack initiation time; failure mode; dynamic initiation toughness

摘    要:为了研究来自不同方向的冲击加载作用对含裂纹巷道围岩破坏方式的影响,采用青砂岩作为试验材料,进行相应的模型试验研究。首先,在巷道围岩的圆拱顶处设置单裂纹以模拟围岩内天然的裂纹缺陷;随后,采用冲击试验机进行动态加载试验,通过应变计确定巷道模型内预制裂纹起裂时间及扩展速度,并进行相应的数值模拟分析,得到裂纹的扩展路径规律与巷道围岩的破坏方式;最后,将数值模拟结果与试验结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明:当冲击载荷来源于拱顶时,巷道围岩破坏主要为裂纹起裂、扩展,拱底发生拉伸破坏;当冲击载荷来源于侧帮时,巷道围岩仅在两侧拱肩处发生破坏。巷道围岩内预制裂纹的动态起裂韧度与冲击加载方向偏向角有关。在相同动态载荷作用下,巷道断面拱肩与拱脚压应力较大,容易产生拉伸破坏,动态稳定性较小。

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of different impact loading orientations on the failure patterns of surrounding rock mass of cracked tunnel, green sandstone was chosen as the experimental material to simulate the tunnel, and impact experiments were conducted. A crack emanating from tunnel roof was set as the model to simulate the natural crack around a tunnel, and then the drop weight testing machine was used as the loading device. In the process of dynamic loading test, strain gauges were applied to determine crack initiation time and crack propagation velocity, and then corresponding numerical simulation were carried out. The properties of crack propagation and the failure mode of tunnel model were obtained. Finally, the numerical results were compared with the test results. The results show that when the impact loads come from the tunnel roof, the failure of the tunnel mainly includes crack initiation and propagation, and tensile failure of the tunnel bottom. When the impact loads come from the sidewall, the failure of the tunnel occurs at the arch shoulder of two sides. The dynamic initiation toughness of the pre-crack in the surrounding rock mass is greatly related to the impact loading direction. Under the same impact loading, the stress of the arch shoulder and arch foot of tunnel are larger than that of other regions, the arch shoulder and arch foot are liable to tensile failure, and the dynamic stability is relatively low.

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