基于“炉-机匹配”的炼钢-连铸过程多工序运行仿真

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第3期

论文作者:刘青 杨建平 洪宇杰 刘倩 王柏琳 高山 郭伟达

文章页码:587 - 600

关键词:炼钢-连铸;多工序运行;“炉-机匹配”;仿真模型;调度;Plant Simulation

Key words:steelmaking-continuous casting; multi-process operation; “furnace-caster matching”; simulation model; scheduling; Plant Simulation

摘    要:为探究“炉-机匹配”模式对炼钢-连铸过程多工序运行的影响,以国内某无精炼跨中型炼钢厂为研究对象,首先,采用Plant Simulation软件构建考虑天车运行约束的炼钢-连铸过程多工序运行仿真模型,并阐述天车作业冲突的消解策略;其次,针对不同连铸机停机的“四炉对三机”生产组织模式,归纳4类“炉-机匹配”模式,并应用基于“炉-机匹配”模式(改进的和未改进的)启发式算法求解不同连铸机停机的4个实际生产计划的调度方案;最后,运用仿真模型对所得调度方案进行仿真,得到天车运行约束下的调度方案,并与实际人工调度方案进行对比。选取生产计划总作业时间、钢包总周转数量、工序间传搁时间以及浇次开浇时间最大偏离量作为调度方案的评价指标,并提出评价指标优劣的综合判定方法。研究结果表明:相比于未优化的调度方案和实际调度方案,基于“炉-机匹配”模式优化的调度方案中生产计划加权总作业时间分别减少13.6 min和4.5 min,炉次从转炉工序到LF精炼工序的加权平均传搁时间分别减少1.3 min和1.2 min,炉次从LF精炼工序到连铸工序的加权平均传搁时间分别减少1.5 min和0.4 min,所有炉次的工序间传搁时间处于合理范围内,此外,4个生产计划的开浇时间最大偏离量也处于可接受范围内,某一生产计划的钢包总周转数减少1个。

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of “furnace-caster matching” mode on multi-process operation in steelmaking-continuous casting process (SCCP), a simulation model with crane running constraint was established by Plant Simulation on the basis of a medium steelmaking plant of lacking refining span in China. Firstly, the multi-process operation in SCCP was accurately described by simulation, and the strategy to avoid cranes conflicting was introduced in detail. Secondly, four sorts of “furnace-caster matching” modes were proposed aiming at the production organization mode of “four-converter to three-caster” and used to improve the traditional heuristic scheduling algorithm. Then the rough scheduling schemes for the same actual production plans were solved through the improved and unimproved heuristic scheduling algorithm. Finally, the simulation experiments were carried out for the rough scheduling schemes, and the fine scheduling schemes were obtained with the consideration of crane running. In addition, the practical scheduling schemes by manual for four production plans were also displayed to make the comparision. The indexes including total operation time, total ladle number, transfer times among processes and the largest deviation on starting cast time were employed to evaluate the scheduling performances. Meanwhile, a novel method was proposed to fully compare the performances of indexes. The results show that the scheduling schemes in terms of the optimized “furnace-caster matching” modes are superior to those of the non-optimized and the manual. For four production plans, the weighted values of total operation time reduce by 13.6 and 4.5 min, respectively. The weighted values of average transfer time between primary steelmaking process and ladle refining process reduce by 1.3 and 1.2 min, respectively. The weighted values of average transfer time between ladle refining process and continuous casting process reduce by 1.5 and 0.4 min, respectively. The transfer time for all heats among processes are nearly within the upper limit of 25 min. In addition, the largest deviations on starting cast time are also acceptable in each production plan, and there is one less ladle in a certain production plan.

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