AlCl3-NaCl-KCl熔融盐中铝的电沉积

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2008年第4期

论文作者:李景升 杨占红 王小花 李旺兴 陈建华 王升威 李景威

文章页码:672 - 676

关键词:熔融盐;铝;表面形貌;相结构;镀厚;电沉积;

Key words:molten salt; aluminum; surface morphology; phase structure; thickness; electrodeposition

摘    要:

在摩尔比为 0.66:0.17:0.17的AlCl3-NaCl-KCl共融盐中,控制阴极电流密度在基体铁片上获得银白色铝镀层。用扫描电镜、X射线物相分析对所得镀层进行显微组织分析,并用循环伏安法研究熔融盐中铝沉积的机理。研究结果表明:当电流密度为25 mA/cm2 时,所得铝晶粒为针状,以(200)面构成为主;当电流密度为40 mA/cm2时,最大电流效率达到92%;当电流密度超过80 mA/cm2时,电流效率随电流密度的增大急剧减小;当电流密度增至60 mA/cm2时,所得晶粒既有针状也有球形,以(111)面构成为主;当电流密度为100 mA/cm2时,所得铝晶粒呈球形;所得铝镀层厚度与电镀时间呈抛物线关系,与电流密度呈直线关系;熔融盐中沉积铝源于 的还原,还原峰电位为-0.23 V。

Abstract: Silvery bright aluminum coating was obtained on iron substrate from 0.66:0.17:0.17(mole ratio) AlCl3-NaCl-KCl molten salt at various cathode current densities. The microstructure of the coating was investigated by SEM and XRD, and the mechanism of electrodeposition was illuminated by cyclic voltammogram. The results show that when cathode current density is 25 mA/cm2, aluminum coating is acicular and (200) plane structure is reliable to be formed. The maximal current efficiency of 92% is obtained when current density is 40 mA/cm2 and it decreases sharply after current density is over 80 mA/cm2. When cathode current density is 60 mA/cm2, the obtained aluminum crystalline grain is a mixture of acicular and spherical, aluminum coating has (111) cubic structure. When current density is 100 mA/cm2, spherical aluminum coating is reliable to be formed. The thickness of aluminum coating increases with prolongation of plating time and the increase of cathode current density. The deposition is obtained owing to the reduction of Al2Cl7- which has a peak value of -0.23 V.

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