桥式吊车自适应滑模模糊竖直起降控制器设计

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2011年第z1期

论文作者:王鹏程 方勇纯 马博军

文章页码:90 - 96

关键词:欠驱动系统;桥式吊车;滑模模糊控制;竖直起降

Key words:underactuated system; overhead crane; sliding mode fuzzy control; hoisting and lowering operations

摘    要:针对欠驱动桥式吊车在起降过程中的定位与防摆问题,提出一种基于滑模模糊方法的自适应竖直起降控制策略,所提出的控制策略包括负载起降控制器与自适应防摆控制器2个部分。其中,起降控制器的目的是使负载平稳地达到指定高度,为此首先根据目标位置规划了一条理想的起降运动轨迹,然后通过将前馈与PD(Proportional-derivative)控制相结合来实现对理想轨迹的跟踪。防摆控制器将滑模控制与模糊控制相结合,它对系统参数变化、外界噪声具有很强的鲁棒性,同时引入了反映绳长变化的自适应调整机制,增强了起降过程中控制系统对绳长等参数变化的适应能力。通过大量的实验结果,验证了所提出的竖直起降控制策略可以有效地抑制负载的摆动,从而使其在起降过程中水平位置基本保持不变,并快速准确地达到指定的高度。

Abstract: An adaptive sliding mode fuzzy anti-swing hoisting and lowering control approach is proposed for an underactuated overhead crane system. The strategy includes a hoisting and lowering controller and an adaptive anti-swing controller. The former controller aims to transport the payload to the desired height smoothly. To achieve that, a reference hoisting or lowering trajectory for the payload is firstly planned according to the destination position. The payload is driven to track the planned trajectory by a controller consisting of PD (Proportional-derivative) and feedforward control method. The latter one, consisting of a sliding mode mechanism and a fuzzy logic law, presents strong robustness over the variety of the system parameters and various noises. In addition, an on-line tuning mechanism is introduced to deal with the uncertainties including varying rope length which further reinforces its adaptability of the crane control system. Superior performance of the constructed controller is demonstrated by multiple experiments on a prototype overhead crane, which results prove that the strategy can suppress the swing of the payload effectively and keep the horizontal position of the payload invariable during the hoisting or lowering process.

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