中空纤维的电磁建模及各向异性电磁参量计算分析

黄生祥^{1, 2}，罗衡^{1, 2}，邓联文^{1, 2}，肖鹏²

(1. 中南大学 物理与电子学院，湖南 长沙，410083；
2. 中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，湖南 长沙，410083)

摘 要：基于Maxwell方程，构建中空电磁纤维的电磁模型，分析电磁波与中空电磁纤维的相互作用，推导中空电磁纤维的轴向磁导率、轴向介电常数及径向磁导率与径向介电常数这些典型电磁参量的理论公式，从而证实中空电磁纤维的电磁参量具有强各向异性；以Fe纤维为例，通过对频率5 GHz的各向异性复磁导率和复介电常数的数值计算，发现轴向电磁参量是影响纤维微波电磁性能的主要因素，且中空纤维应用于微波吸收比实心纤维具有更好的电磁匹配性和电磁损耗性能。

关键词：中空电磁纤维；电磁分析；各向异性；复磁导率； 复介电常数

Modeling and calculation of anisotropic electromagnetic parameters for magnetic and conductive hollow fiber

HUANG Sheng-xiang^{1, 2}, LUO Heng^{1, 2}, DENG Lian-wen^{1, 2}, XIAO Peng²

(1. School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

Abstract:Based on the Maxwell equation, the electromagnetic model of the hollow fiber was constructed. The interaction with electromagnetic wave was analysed and the theoretical equations of axial permeability and permittivity, radial permeability and permittivity were derived for the hollow fiber. The calculated results prove that the electromagnetic parameters exhibit distinct anisotropy and the numerical calculation of iron fibers at 5 GHz shows that the axial parameters are the key factors for the characteristics of the hollow fiber. Values of the complex permeability and permittivity are beneficial to improve the electromagnetic matching ability and microwave attenuation for the hollow fiber compared with the solid fiber.

Key words:magnetic conductive hollow fiber; electromagnetic analysis; anisotropy; complex permeability; complex permittivity