硫羰基捕收剂分选硫化矿的研究
来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)1984年第3期
论文作者：王淀佐 刘清高
文章页码：19 - 27
关键词：捕收剂； 硫化矿浮选； 闪锌矿； 高选择性； 分选指标； 黄铁矿； 方铅矿； 黄铜矿； 药剂； 气泡表面
摘 要：用三种硫羰基捕收剂(乙基氨基硫逐甲酸异丙酯,二乙基氨基二硫代甲酸腈乙酯及乙基黄原酸丙烯酯)分离浮选黄铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿及黄铁矿。实验确定三种药剂分选硫化矿结果明显优于黄药;并给出捕收性及分选选择性大小顺序。对于Pb—Zn,Cu—Zn及Cu—Fe分选时受Cu~(2+),Pb~(2+)活化的影响也作了研究。根据分子轨道理论计算判据及对药剂起泡机理的研究,讨论了药剂的起泡性能及由气泡表面转向固-气界面的迁移吸附机理;在此基础上阐述药剂选择性高、用量小的特性。
Abstract: In this paper, the separated flotation of chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite and pyrite was studied with three kinds of thiocarbonyl collectors, that is, ethyl isopropyl thiocarbamate （SN23）, diethyl propyluitrite dithiocarbomate （E105） and ethyl propylene xanthogenate （OS23）. The collectivity order of the three collectors is: E105>SN23>OS23, but SN23 is stronger for chalcopy- rite and OS23 for galena. The selectivity order is OS23>E105>SN23 for sepa- rations of Pb-Zn and Cu-Zn and SN23>E105 ≈ OS23 for separation of Cu-Fe. Even if active metallic ions exist, the selectivities of thiocarbonyl collectors are higher than that of xanthates. The bonding atoms of chemisorption of thiocarbonyl collector on sufphide mineral are C = S, and thier chemical activities are lower than the-SH group in xanthate.In addition the steric approachabilites of these col- lectors are also lower so they possess higher selectivities. These collectors possess both frothing and collecting abilities and thier frothing mechanism can be divided into two kinds: SN23 is of a surface active frothing and OS23 and E105 are of nonsurface active frothing. The thiocarbonyl collectors arc easily adsorbed on the surface of bubbles and then they may be migrated into the interface of mineral and gas. The adsorption of ГSG may lead to a decrease of reagent dosage and an increase of flotation rate.
