基于多相流理论高速动车组齿轮箱密封系统分析

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第3期

论文作者:张雨 张开林 姚远

文章页码:550 - 557

关键词:高速齿轮箱;密封系统;多相流;润滑油;泄漏量

Key words:high-speed gearbox; sealing system; multiphase flow; lubricating oil; leakage loss

摘    要:为了研究高速动车组齿轮箱密封系统的密封机理,分析润滑油液滴和理想气体混合介质下迷宫密封的密封性能,建立某国产驱动齿轮箱输出端密封系统结构的计算模型,采用Euler-Euler双流体模型,通过数值模拟得到密封系统的内部流场,对比研究转子转速对混合介质下密封内部流场的介质分布影响,分析润滑油液滴体积分数和直径对密封结构泄漏量的影响。研究结果表明:密封间隙的直通效应、润滑油液滴分布于静子腔或转子腔以及空腔所处位置是影响迷宫密封性能的主要因素;随着转子转速的增加,润滑油液滴的泄漏量先上升后下降最后趋于稳定;润滑油液滴体积分数越高,直径越大,泄漏量越大;当液滴体积分数越高时,液滴体积分数对泄漏量的影响越小,呈非线性关系,但泄漏量随液滴直径的增大呈近线性关系增大。

Abstract: In order to investigate the sealing mechanism of the gearbox sealing system for high-speed electric multiple unit(EMU), the sealing performance of the Labyrinth seal with the mixture of lubricating oil and ideal gas was analyzed, and the calculation model of the sealing system structure of the output end of a domestic driving gearbox was established. The internal flow field of the sealing system was obtained by using Euler-Euler two-phase model. The influence of the rotor speed on the media distribution of the internal flow field in the mixed medium, and the oil droplet concentration and diameter on the leakage loss of the sealing structure were also studied. The results show that the straight-through effect of seal clearance, the distribution of lubricant droplets in the stator cavity or the rotor cavity, and the position of the cavity are the main factors in affecting the performance of labyrinth seal. The leakage loss of lubricating oil droplet increases with the increase of rotor speed, reaches a maximum, and then decreases and levels off with the further increase of rotor speed. The higher the oil droplet concentration, the larger the diameter, and thus the larger the leakage loss. However, the higher the oil droplet concentration, the smaller the effect of the concentration on the leakage loss, which shows non-linear relation. The leakage loss increases linearly with the increase of oil droplet diameter.

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