全速度区间内车体多重被动式吸振器减振方法

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第3期

论文作者:文永蓬 宗志祥 翁琳 邹钰

文章页码:853 - 863

关键词:车体;多重被动式吸振器;减振;Sperling指标;目标频率

Key words:vehicle body; multiple passive vibration absorbers; vibration reduction; Sperling index; target frequency

摘    要:为了降低轨道车辆车体垂向振动,建立包含多重被动式吸振器的轨道车辆垂向振动模型,讨论一重被动式吸振器对轨道车辆车体的减振效果,指出一重被动式吸振器的局限性,进一步提出多重被动式吸振器的优化算法,明确多重动力吸振器的重数和目标频率的选取,从而提出适用于城市轨道车辆在全速度区间内车体多重被动式吸振器的减振方法,最后分析多重被动式吸振器能够实现全速度减振的原因,并验证该方法的有效性。研究结果表明:多重被动式吸振器能够实现全速度减振的关键在于吸振器重数和目标频率的选取,其中,吸振器重数要选取三重以上;目标频率的选取要包含最小峰值频率和最大峰值频率,并兼顾典型频率,使其发挥共同协调作用。多重被动式吸振器在全速度区间内都能减振的原因是多个固有频率不同的动力吸振器能够针对不同振动频率点进行减振,从而拓宽了动力吸振器的吸振频带。

Abstract: In order to reduce the vertical vibration of the rail vehicle body, the vertical vibration model of the rail vehicle with multiple passive vibration absorbers was established. The damping effect of a passive vibration absorber on the rail vehicle body was discussed. The passive vibration absorber was pointed out. The optimization algorithm of multiple passive vibration absorbers was further proposed, the selection of the multi-dynamic vibration absorber''''s multiplicity and target frequency was clarified, and then a reduction of multiple passive vibration absorbers for urban rail vehicles in the full speed range was proposed. The reasons why multiple passive vibration absorbers can achieve full speed damping was discussed, and the effectiveness of the method was verified. The results show that the multiple passive vibration absorbers can achieve full speed damping with the appropriate number of the vibration absorber and the target frequency. The number of frequencies should be set more than three. The target frequency should include the minimum peak frequency, the maximum peak frequency and the typical frequencies, which plays a coordinating role. The reason that multiple passive vibration absorbers can be damped in full speed range is the multiple dynamic vibration absorbers with different natural frequencies have different damping frequencies, which can reduce vibration for different vibration frequency points and widen the vibration absorption band of the vibration absorber.

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