基于GPU的岩石碎屑流与拦砂坝交互场景的三维建模与可视化

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2013年第2期

论文作者:叶健 陶和平 陈锦雄 陈晓清

文章页码:718 - 725

关键词:岩石碎屑流模拟;离散元法;图形处理单元;并行计算;拦砂坝;排导槽

Key words:simulation of rock avalanche; discrete element method (DEM); GPU; parallel computing; debris dam; drainage canal

摘    要:针对近年来岩石碎屑流灾害频发现象,并结合当前岩石碎屑流建模与可视化的需要,通过三维可视化模拟岩石碎屑流形成后,岩石碎屑流蓄满第一级拦砂坝后被第二级拦砂坝拦截的过程,以直观, 地表达岩石碎屑流现象,再现岩石碎屑流灾害的防灾减灾过程。采用离散元法建立岩石碎屑流模型,在场景中构建拦砂坝和排导槽等防灾设施模型,并对其进行边界处理,充分利用GPU的高度并行性和可编程性,使得利用离散元法模拟大规模岩石碎屑流的计算结果能够满足实时的要求,实现岩石碎屑流与拦砂坝交互场景的三维可视化。实验结果表明:该方法能够模拟出较丰富的岩石碎屑流细节效果,并且能够满足实时性的要求,展示了防灾减灾的过程,为岩石碎屑流防灾减灾的处理设计与施工提供直观的可视化分析平台,有助于岩石碎屑流灾害风险评估后进行岩石碎屑流灾害的防灾减灾措施。

Abstract: In correspondence with the frequent rock avalanche hazards in recent years and the demand for the modeling and visualization of rock avalanche, the three-dimensional visualization of the process of rock avalanche filling up the first debris dam and being blocked by the second dam after the rock avalanche was realized, which can directly express rock avalanche and reproduce the dynamic process of disaster prevention and reduction. To visualize the process, the rock avalanche model based on discrete element method (DEM) was established and debris dam and drainage canal were constructed in 3D scene, then the boundary conditions of them was processed. To simulate large-scale rock avalanche in real time, the high parallelism and programmability of GPU is fully taken advantage of. The experimental results show that requirement of real-time rendering of rock avalanche can be satisfied. The process of disaster prevention and reduction is simulated successfully, and the abundant details of movement of rock avalanche is shown. A visual analysis platform is presented for the design and construction of disaster prevention and reduction of rock avalanche, which is conducive to carry out disaster prevention and reduction after the risk evaluation of rock avalanche hazards.

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