基于膨胀石墨复合相变材料的传热性能研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2021年第1期

论文作者:王长宏 吴婷婷 胡艳鑫 容惠强

文章页码:200 - 210

关键词:复合相变材料;膨胀石墨;可视化;传热性能

Key words:composite phase change material; expanded graphite; visualization; heat transport performance

摘    要:以纯石蜡为相变介质,膨胀石墨(EG)为主要的导热骨架,制备导热增强的复合相变材料;搭建可视化的测试平台,通过分析添加材料质量分数对复合材料熔融相变过程的影响,研究在恒热流密度下不同复合相变材料传热性能和传热规律的差异。此外,利用红外热像仪观察熔融过程中指定点的温度分布演变。研究结果表明:添加EG-100可以进一步强化复合材料的传热性能;当质量分数为5%时,相对于EG-80,添加EG-100的复合相变材料的热扩散系数提高了42%;在相变材料的熔化过程中,当添加材料的质量分数分别为2%和4%时,熔化后期材料内部自然对流的作用被削弱,综合传热效果下降;添加质量分数6%的导热增强材料可以使复合相变材料整体传热性能得到改善;随着热增强材料质量分数的增加,复合相变材料内部沿y方向的传热基本不受影响,但在沿着重力方向(z方向)的热分层现象逐渐减少。

Abstract: Pure paraffin was used as phase change medium, and expanded graphite was added to reinforce the heat-conducting skeleton. Subsequently, a composite phase change material(CPCM) with excellent thermal conducting property was prepared. A visualized testing platform was set up to analyze the influence of adding material mass fraction on the melting process of composite phase change materials under constant heat flux condition. The difference in heat transfer performance and regularity of the composite phase change material with various mass fractions were investigated. In addition, the evolution of the temperature distributions was visualized by using the infrared thermal imager at specified points during the melting process. The results show that the thermal performance of CPCM can be furtherly enhanced by adding EG-100. When the mass fraction is 5%, the thermal diffusion coefficient of the CPCM based on EG-100 is increased by 42% compared with that of the CPCM based on EG-80. When 2% or 4% heat conduction enhancement material is added, the natural convection inside the material is weakened in the later stage of melting, resulting in a decrease in the overall heat transfer effect. Adding 6% of thermal conductivity enhancement material improves the overall heat transfer performance. As the mass fraction of thermally enhanced materials increases, the heat transfer along the y-direction inside the composite phase change material is basically unaffected, but the thermal stratification along the direction of gravity(z-direction) gradually decreases.

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