河南省上宫金矿成矿热力学条件及成矿机制

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2013年第12期

论文作者:胡新露 姚书振 何谋春 熊索菲 丁振举 宫勇军 谭满堂

文章页码:4962 - 4972

关键词:绿泥石地质温度计;热力学;迁移形式;成矿机制;上宫金矿

Key words:chlorite geological thermometers; thermodynamics; migration form; ore-forming mechanism; Shanggong Gold Deposit

摘    要:在对上宫金矿床进行流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温、群体成分分析以及部分矿物的电子探针分析的基础上,利用热力学原理和方法,计算各成矿阶段流体的热力学参数,进而探讨金的迁移形式和沉淀机制。研究结果表明:上宫金矿床的成矿流体是一种中温(197~271 ℃)、中低压(25~100 MPa)、低盐度(NaCleqv,1.4%~9.7%)、酸性(pH=2.71~4.92)、还原性( =-41.98~ -35.30)的含碲( =-15.2~ -9.5)流体。成矿流体中硫的主要溶解类型为H2S,Au在流体中主要以AuHS形式迁移,其次为Au(HS)2-。从早阶段到晚阶段,成矿流体的温度降低、HS-活度减小、氧逸度降低、pH升高,导致溶液中金的溶解度降低(AuHS和Au(HS)2-活度减小),从而使金沉淀。

Abstract: Based on the petrography, microscopic temperature measurement and bulk fluid inclusions analysis of the fluid inclusions and electron microprobe analysis of some minerals in the Shanggong gold deposit, the thermodynamic parameters of the ore-forming fluid in different metallogenic phases were calculated using thermodynamic principles and methods, and then the migration forms and precipitation mechanism of gold were discussed. The results show that the ore-forming fluid of the Shanggong Gold Deposit is a kind of mesothermal (197-271 ℃), middle-low pressure (25-100 MPa), low salinity (NaCleqv, 1.4%-9.7%), acidic (pH=2.71-4.92), reducing ( =-41.98~ -35.30) Te-bearing ( =-15.2~ -9.5) fluid. From the early stage to the late stage, the temperature of the ore-forming fluid dropped, the activity of HS- decreased, the fell and the pH value increased. All these factors led to the decrease of the Au solubility (the activity of AuHS and Au(HS)2- decreases) and the precipitation of Au.

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