废料中有价金属离子铁、铜、镍的测定及浸出工艺研究

来源期刊：有色金属科学与工程2012年第6期

论文作者：李英 熊道陵 陈玉娟 李金辉 马智敏 罗序燕

文章页码：24 - 29

关键词：浸出条件；分光光度法；干扰离子

Key words：scrap materials; leaching conditions; spectrophotometry; interfering ions

摘    要：废料中一般含有多种有价金属离子.文中主要是对铁、铜、镍这3种金属离子进行浸出条件分析研究.通过分光光度法得出了铁、铜、镍离子的最佳波长，且在最佳波长处对这3种金属离子可能造成的干扰进行了研究，利用分光光度法测定废料中金属铁、铜、镍的含量.通过对废料中铁、铜、镍离子的浸出条件的研究，设定液固比、浸出温度、浸出时间、加酸量及浸出次数等因素进行实验，从而得出最佳的浸出条件，可使这3种金属离子的浸出率达到最佳.研究结果表明，在液固比为2∶1，浸出温度为35 ℃，浸出时间为0.5 h，加入硫酸量为0.5 mL/g废料，在浸出2次的条件下，铁、铜、镍的浸出率分别为97.95 %，99.97 %，98.51 %.

Abstract: A number of valuable metal ions exist in waste. The objective of this paper is to analyze the leaching conditions of iron, copper and nickel ion. The optimal wavelengths of iron, copper and nickel cations and their contents in waste are measured by spectrophometer process, with the potentially interfering factors at the best wavelengths taken into consideration. With several factors being designed, such as liquid-solid ratio, leaching temperature, leaching time, amount of sulfuric acid addition and leaching times, the experiment on the best leaching condition is conducted to obtain the highest extraction rate of the three kinds of metal ions. The results of this study show that after leaching twice, about 97.95 % of iron, 99.97 % of copper and 98.51 % of nickel originally contained in the scrap materials are successfully leached, with liquid-solid ratio of 2∶1, the leaching temperature of 35 ℃, the leaching time of 0.5 h, and 0.5 mL of sulfuric acid per gram of waste.