铅锌尾矿制备水泥熟料及重金属固化特性

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2015年第10期

论文作者:何哲祥 肖祈春 周喜艳 李翔 肖威

文章页码:3961 - 3969

关键词:铅锌尾矿;水泥熟料;浸出毒性;重金属固化;f-CaO

Key words:lead-zinc tailings; cement clinker; leaching toxicity; heavy metal solidification; f-CaO

摘    要:以桥口铅锌尾矿为原料制备水泥熟料,主要研究生料的易烧性、熟料的重金属固化、浸出毒性及水泥的强度。利用X线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析不同尾矿掺量及煅烧温度下水泥熟料的矿物相和微观结构,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES法)分析熟料中重金属的质量分数。研究结果表明:当煅烧温度超过1350 ℃且加入铅锌尾矿质量分数为15%~16%时,可生产出符合GB 175—2007标准的硅酸盐水泥,其硅酸三钙(C3S)质量分数最高可达49.2%,28 d抗压强度为53.99 MPa;掺入铅锌尾矿,熟料中游离氧化钙(f-CaO)的质量分数低于0.5%,改善了生料的易烧性;在煅烧过程中,重金属Zn,As,Cd和Pb的平均固化率分别为89.76%,83.62%,73.20%和15.19%;熟料Zn,As,Cd和Pb的浸出毒性远低于危险废物的国家标准。

Abstract: Taking Qiaokou lead-zinc tailings as a kind of main raw materials to produce cement, the burn-ability of raw meal, the heavy metal curing, leaching toxicity and the strength of clinker were studied. The mineral phases and microstructure of cement clinker were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively, and the mass fractions of heavy metals in clinker were analyzed by the method of ICP-AES. The results show that portland cement which is in accordance with GB 175—2007 can be produced under the calcination temperature over 1 350 ℃ with 15%-16% mass fraction of lead-zinc tailings, the mass fraction of C3S reaches the maximum of 49.2%, and the compressive strength of cement in 28 d is 53.99 MPa. After incorporating the lead-zinc tailings, the mass fraction of f-CaO in clinker is less than 0.5%, and it improves the burn-ability of raw material. The averaged curing degrees of Zn, As, Cd and Pb are 89.76%, 83.62%, 73.20% and 15.19%, respectively. The leaching toxicities of As, Cd, Pb and Zn are far below the national standard of hazardous waste.

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