Cu-Fe-P-Zn合金铸态及均匀化组织

董琦祎^{1, 2}，汪明朴^{1, 2}，贾延琳^{1, 2}，夏承东^{1, 2}，王戊^{1, 2}

(1. 中南大学 材料科学与工程学院，湖南 长沙，410083；
2. 中南大学 有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室，湖南 长沙，410083)

摘 要：采用大气熔炼的方法制备3种成分的Cu-Fe-P-Zn合金，并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱分析等测试手段对合金的铸态组织及成分偏析进行了研究。结果表明：Cu-2.3Fe-0.03P-0.12Zn合金合适的均匀化处理制度为960 ℃保温6 h。Cu-2.3Fe-(0.4~0.6)P-0.12Zn合金的铸态组织除存在明显的枝晶外，还有大量未溶解的富Fe和P的 Fe₂P和Fe₃P相，最大粒径可达15 μm。随着P含量的增加，未溶相也逐渐增多。经过960℃均匀化退火处理后，各合金的枝晶组织可基本消除，但Cu-2.3Fe-(0.4~0.6)P-0.12Zn合金的未溶相熔点高，很难通过均匀化退火来消除。模拟得到铜铁合金的均匀化动力学计算公式为：1/T=3.835×10^-5 ln(1.2×10^-3 t/L²)。

关键词：Cu-Fe-P-Zn合金；铸态合金；均匀化；显微组织

Microstructure of as-cast and homogenized Cu-Fe-P-Zn alloys

DONG Qi-yi^{1, 2}, WANG Ming-pu^{1, 2}, JIA Yan-lin^{1, 2}, XIA Cheng-dong^{1, 2}, WANG Wu^{1, 2}

(1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Materials Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

Abstract:Three kinds of Cu-Fe-P-Zn alloys were prepared by atmospheric melting, and the microstructure and segregation of as-cast alloy were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrum. The results show that the suitable uniform heat treatment system of cast Cu-2.3Fe-0.03P-0.12Zn alloy is 960℃ for 6 h. The cast Cu-2.3Fe-(0.4-0.6)P-0.12Zn alloys present obvious dendrite structure, and a large number of Fe and P phases sized up to 15 μm are not dissolved. As the P concentration increases, undissolved phases gradually increase. After 960 ℃ annealing treatment, the alloy dendrites can be basically eliminated, but the Cu-2.3Fe-(0.4-0.6) P-0.12Zn alloys with high melting point are not dissolved. It is difficult to eliminate the undissolved phase by homogenization. Homogenization dynamics formula of copper-iron alloy is as follow: 1/T=3.835×10^-5 ln(1.2×10^-3 t/L²).

Key words:Cu-Fe-P-Zn alloy; as-cast alloy; homogenization; microstructure