隧道近距下穿管线的爆破振动特征及安全标准

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第11期

论文作者:王利民 管晓明 张良 傅洪贤 余道明 陈刚 丁一 姜万里

文章页码:2870 - 2886

关键词:隧道工程;爆破振动;地下管线;数值模拟;ALE算法;振动响应;安全标准

Key words:tunnel engineering; blasting vibration; underground pipeline; numerical simulation; ALE algorithm; vibration response; safety standard

摘    要:采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件中的ALE算法建立隧道-地层-管线三维数值模型,在地面测试爆破振动,验证数值模型可靠性;研究隧道爆破振动下地下管线横向和纵向的峰值振速和应力响应特征,探究管线和周边围岩的振动响应差异;分析净距、掏槽起爆药量和周边岩土性质对管线振动的影响。研究结果表明:数值模型中,地面测点的振速峰值与现场实测振速峰值相对误差均不超过5.0%;隧道爆破地震波引起管线横断面底部的峰值振速最大,中部次之,顶部最小,而管线中部的峰值拉应力最大,底部次之,顶部最小;沿管线纵向各点的振速峰值和拉应力峰值均出现在距离爆源0~4 m处,并随着与爆源距离的增大而逐渐减小;接触面处管线各单元的峰值振速和振动频率均明显比相应位置处土层单元的大;地下管线的峰值振速和拉应力均随着净距减小、掏槽装药量增大而不断增大,且管线上部的峰值振速和拉应力增量要比底部和中部的小;当地下管线周边为含卵石砂层时,管线的峰值振速和峰值拉应力最大,地下管线周边为回填黏土和夯实砂土时则较小。根据最大拉应力强度理论,建议管线的最大振速控制在4.68 cm/s以下。

Abstract: A three-dimensional numerical model of tunnel-stratum-pipeline was established by using ALE algorithm with ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. Blasting vibrations were tested simultaneously on the ground to verify the reliability of the numerical model. The response characteristics of peak vibration velocity and stress of underground pipeline under blasting vibration were studied. The difference of vibration response between pipeline and surrounding rock was explored. The effects of clear distance, initiation charge of cut holes and surrounding rock and soil properties on pipeline vibration were analyzed. The results show that the relative errors of the peak vibration velocity on the ground between the measured values of field tests and analyzed values of numerical model are less than 5.0%. The peak vibration velocity at the bottom of the pipeline cross section caused by the seismic wave of tunnel blasting is the largest, followed by the middle one, and the top one is the smallest. The peak tensile stress in the middle of the pipeline is the largest, followed by the bottom one, and the top one is the smallest. The peak value of vibration velocity and tensile stress appears at 0-4 m from the detonation source along the longitudinal points of the pipeline, and gradually decreases with the increase of the distance from the detonation source. The peak vibration velocity and vibration velocity of each unit of the pipeline at the contact surface are obviously higher than those of the soil layer at the corresponding position. The peak vibration velocity and tensile stress of underground pipeline increase with the decrease of clear distance and the increase of charge of cut holes. When the underground pipeline is surrounded by pebble sand, the peak vibration velocity and peak tensile stress of the pipeline are the largest, while those of backfilling clay and rammed sand are smaller. According to the maximum tensile stress strength theory, it is suggested that the maximum vibration velocity of the pipeline should be controlled below 4.68 cm/s.

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